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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of asthma >Upper-air observation indicators predict outbreaks of asthma exacerbations among elementary school children: Integration of daily environmental and school health surveillance systems in Pennsylvania
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Upper-air observation indicators predict outbreaks of asthma exacerbations among elementary school children: Integration of daily environmental and school health surveillance systems in Pennsylvania

机译：高空观测指标预测小学生哮喘发作的爆发：宾夕法尼亚州日常环境和学校健康监测系统的整合

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Objective. To determine whether a relationship exists between asthma exacerbations among elementary school children and daily upper-air observations (temperature, relative humidity, dew point, and mixing ratio) and, if so, to derive a mathematical model that predicts asthma exacerbations among children. Methods. Using an ecological study design, school health records of 168,825 elementary school students enrolled in the Health eTools for Schools program within 49 Pennsylvania counties were analyzed. Data representing asthma exacerbations were originally recorded by school nurses as the type of treatment given to a student during a clinic visit on a particular day. Daily upper-air measurements from ground level to the 850 mb pressure level, covering a radius of 800 km around Pittsburgh, PA, were obtained. The Wilcoxon two-sample test was used to identify associations. A generalized estimating equation model was used to predict the occurrence of more than 48 asthma exacerbations, the daily mean for 2008-2010. Results. Surveillance of asthma among school children in Pennsylvania increased over 3 years. The greatest occurrence was in the fall, followed by summer, spring, and winter. Annual averages of upper-air observations were significantly different between seasons (p < .02). Upper-air temperature, dew point, and mixing ratio above their 3-year mean values and upper-air relative humidity ≥ 50% were significantly associated with occurrence of asthma exacerbations (p < .011). Conclusions. Monitoring of upper-air observation data over time can be a reliable means for predicting increases of asthma exacerbations among elementary school children. Such predictions could help parents and school nurses implement effective precautionary measures.
机译：目的。确定小学生哮喘急性发作与每日高空观测值（温度，相对湿度，露点和混合比）之间是否存在关系，如果存在，则推导数学模型预测儿童哮喘急性发作。方法。使用生态研究设计，分析了宾夕法尼亚州49个县的168825名参加学校健康电子工具计划的小学生的学校健康记录。代表哮喘发作的数据最初由学校护士记录为在特定一天的诊所就诊期间给予学生的治疗类型。获得了从地面到850 mb压力水平的每日高空测量数据，覆盖了宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡800公里的半径。 Wilcoxon两样本检验用于确定关联。使用广义估计方程模型来预测超过48种哮喘急性发作的发生，这是2008-2010年的每日平均值。结果。在宾夕法尼亚州的学龄儿童中，哮喘监测超过3年。发生率最高的是秋季，其次是夏季，春季和冬季。不同季节之间的高空观测年平均值存在显着差异（p <.02）。高空温度，露点和混合比超过其3年平均值且高空相对湿度≥50％与哮喘发作加重显着相关（p <.011）。结论。随着时间的推移监测高空观测数据可能是预测小学生哮喘急性发作增加的可靠方法。这样的预测可以帮助父母和学校护士实施有效的预防措施。

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