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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of biological rhythms >Differential Regulation of Kiss1 Expression by Melatonin and Gonadal Hormones in Male and Female Syrian Hamsters
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Differential Regulation of Kiss1 Expression by Melatonin and Gonadal Hormones in Male and Female Syrian Hamsters

机译：褪黑素和性腺激素在雄性和雌性叙利亚仓鼠中对kiss1表达的差异调节。

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In seasonal breeders, reproduction is synchronized to seasons by day length via the pineal hormone melatonin. Recently, we have demonstrated that Kiss1, a key activator of the reproductive function, is down-regulated in sexually inactive hamsters maintained in inhibitory short days (SDs). In rodents, Kiss1 is expressed in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) and in the arcuate nucleus (ARC). Because both the duration of the nocturnal peak of melatonin and circulating sex steroid levels vary with photoperiod, the aim of this study was to determine whether melatonin and sex steroids differentially regulate Kiss1 expression in the ARC and the AVPV. Kiss1 expression was examined by in situ hybridization in both male and female hamsters kept in various experimental conditions, and we observed that 1) SD exposure markedly reduced Kiss1 expression in the ARC and AVPV of male and female hamsters as compared to LD animals, 2) sex steroid treatment in SD-adapted male and female hamsters increased the number of Kiss1 neurons in the AVPV but decreased it in the ARC, 3) melatonin administration to LD-adapted hamsters decreased Kiss1 mRNA level in both the AVPV and the ARC in intact animals, whereas in castrated hamsters, melatonin rapidly inhibited Kiss1 expression in the ARC but not in the AVPV, and 4) pinealectomy of male or female SD-adapted hamsters increased the number of Kiss1 neurons in the ARC but not in the AVPV. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that Kiss1 expression in the Syrian hamster hypothalamus is down-regulated in SD via different mechanisms. In the ARC, melatonin inhibits Kiss1 via a direct effect on the hypothalamus, and this effect is probably sex steroid dependent, whereas in the AVPV, the decrease in Kiss1 expression appears to be secondary to the melatonin-driven reduction of sex steroid levels. Taken together, our data support the hypothesis that ARC Kiss1 neurons mediate melatonin effects on the gonadotropic axis of the Syrian hamster.
机译：在季节性育种者中，通过松果激素褪黑激素使繁殖与日长同步。最近，我们已经证明，Kiss1是生殖功能的关键激活因子，在抑制性短日（SD）维持的性不活跃仓鼠中被下调。在啮齿动物中，Kiss1在前房室周围核（AVPV）和弓状核（ARC）中表达。由于褪黑素的夜间高峰期的持续时间和循环性类固醇水平都随光周期而变化，因此本研究的目的是确定褪黑素和性类固醇是否在ARC和AVPV中差异调节Kiss1表达。通过在各种实验条件下饲养的雄性和雌性仓鼠中的原位杂交检查了Kiss1的表达，我们观察到1）与LD动物相比，SD暴露显着降低了雄性和雌性仓鼠在ARC和AVPV中的Kiss1表达，2）在SD适应的雄性和雌性仓鼠中进行性类固醇治疗增加了AVPV中Kiss1神经元的数量，但在ARC中降低了它; 3）在LD适应性仓鼠中服用褪黑激素降低了完整动物的AVPV和ARC中的Kiss1 mRNA水平，而在cast割的仓鼠中，褪黑激素迅速抑制了ARC中的Kiss1表达，但在AVPV中却没有，并且4）进行松果皮切除术的雄性或雌性SD适应性仓鼠增加了ARC中的Kiss1神经元数量，但在AVPV中却没有。总之，我们的数据表明，通过不同机制，叙利亚仓鼠下丘脑中的Kiss1表达下调。在ARC中，褪黑激素通过对下丘脑的直接作用抑制Kiss1，这种作用可能是性激素的依赖性，而在AVPV中，Kiss1表达的下降似乎是褪黑素驱动的性激素水平降低的继发因素。综上所述，我们的数据支持以下假设：ARC Kiss1神经元介导褪黑激素对叙利亚仓鼠的促性腺激素作用。

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