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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >Biomechanical modeling to prevent ischial pressure ulcers
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Biomechanical modeling to prevent ischial pressure ulcers

机译：预防坐骨压疮的生物力学模型

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摘要

With 300,000 paraplegic persons only in France, ischial pressure ulcers represent a major public health issue. They result from the buttocks' soft tissues compression by the bony prominences. Unfortunately, the current clinical techniques, with - in the best case - embedded pressure sensor mats, are insufficient to prevent them because most are due to high internal strains which can occur even with low pressures at the skin surface. Therefore, improving prevention requires using a biomechanical model to estimate internal strains from skin surface pressures. However, the buttocks' soft tissues' stiffness is still unknown. This paper provides a stiffness sensitivity analysis using a finite element model. Different layers with distinct Neo Hookean materials simulate the skin, fat and muscles. With Young moduli in the range [100-500. kPa], [25-35. kPa], and [80-140. kPa] for the skin, fat, and muscles, respectively, maximum internal strains reach realistic 50 to 60% values. The fat and muscle stiffnesses have an important influence on the strain variations, while skin stiffness is less influent. Simulating different sitting postures and changing the muscle thickness also result in a variation in the internal strains.
机译：仅在法国就有30万截瘫患者，坐骨压力性溃疡是主要的公共卫生问题。它们是由于臀部的骨突出而压迫了臀部的软组织。不幸的是，目前的临床技术（最好是带有嵌入式压力传感器垫）不足以防止这种情况发生，因为大多数是由于较高的内部应变所致，即使在皮肤表面压力较低的情况下也可能发生这种情况。因此，改善预防需要使用生物力学模型来根据皮肤表面压力估算内部应变。但是，臀部的软组织刚度仍然未知。本文提供了使用有限元模型的刚度灵敏度分析。使用不同的新胡克族材料制成的不同层可以模拟皮肤，脂肪和肌肉。杨氏模量在[100-500。 kPa]，[25-35。 kPa]和[80-140。分别针对皮肤，脂肪和肌肉的“ kPa”值，最大内部应变达到了实际的50％到60％的值。脂肪和肌肉的僵硬度对应变变化具有重要影响，而皮肤僵硬度影响较小。模拟不同的坐姿并改变肌肉厚度也会导致内部劳损的变化。

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