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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >Skin-friction drag analysis from the forced convection modeling in simplified underwater swimming.
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Skin-friction drag analysis from the forced convection modeling in simplified underwater swimming.

机译：简化的水下游泳中强制对流建模产生的皮肤摩擦阻力分析。

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This study deals with skin-friction drag analysis in underwater swimming. Although lower than profile drag, skin-friction drag remains significant and is the second and only other contribution to total drag in the case of underwater swimming. The question arises whether varying the thermal gradient between the underwater swimmer and the pool water may modify the surface shear stress distribution and the resulting skin-friction drag acting on a swimmer's body. As far as the authors are aware, such a question has not previously been addressed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of this thermal gradient by using the integral formalism applied to the forced convection theory. From a simplified model in a range of pool temperatures (20-30 degrees C) it was demonstrated that, whatever the swimming speeds, a 5.3% reduction in the skin-friction drag would occur with increasing average boundary-layer temperature provided that the flow remained laminar. However, as the majority of the flow is actually turbulent, a turbulent flow analysis leads to the major conclusion that friction drag is a function of underwater speed, leading to a possible 1.5% reduction for fast swimming speeds above 1m/s. Furthermore, simple correlations between the surface shear stress and resulting skin-friction drag are derived in terms of the boundary-layer temperature, which may be readily used in underwater swimming situations.
机译：这项研究涉及水下游泳中的皮肤摩擦阻力分析。虽然低于轮廓阻力，但皮肤摩擦阻力仍然很重要，在水下游泳的情况下，它是总阻力的第二个也是唯一的其他贡献。提出了一个问题，即改变水下游泳者和游泳池水之间的热梯度是否会改变表面剪切应力的分布以及由此产生的作用在游泳者身上的皮肤摩擦阻力。据作者所知，以前没有解决过这样的问题。因此，本研究的目的是通过使用应用于强制对流理论的积分形式来量化该热梯度的影响。从泳池温度范围（20-30摄氏度）范围内的简化模型可以看出，无论游泳速度如何，只要流量增加，平均边界层温度升高，皮肤摩擦阻力就会降低5.3％。保持层状。但是，由于大部分流量实际上都是湍流的，因此湍流分析得出的主要结论是，摩擦阻力是水下速度的函数，对于高于1m / s的快速游泳速度，可能导致1.5％的降低。此外，根据边界层温度推导了表面剪应力与所产生的皮肤摩擦阻力之间的简单相关性，可以很容易地在水下游泳的情况下使用。

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