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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >Concept and development of an orthotropic FE model of the proximal femur.
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Concept and development of an orthotropic FE model of the proximal femur.

机译：股骨近端正交各向异性有限元模型的概念和发展。

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PURPOSE: In contrast to many isotropic finite-element (FE) models of the femur in literature, it was the object of our study to develop an orthotropic FE "model femur" to realistically simulate three-dimensional bone remodelling. METHODS: The three-dimensional geometry of the proximal femur was reconstructed by CT scans of a pair of cadaveric femurs at equal distances of 2mm. These three-dimensional CT models were implemented into an FE simulation tool. Well-known "density-determined" bony material properties (Young's modulus; Poisson's ratio; ultimate strength in pressure, tension and torsion; shear modulus) were assigned to each FE of the same "CT-density-characterized" volumetric group.In order to fix the principal directions of stiffness in FE areas with the same "density characterization", the cadaveric femurs were cut in 2mm slices in frontal (left femur) and sagittal plane (right femur). Each femoral slice was scanned into a computer-based image processing system. On these images, the principal directions of stiffness of cancellous and cortical bone were determined manually using the orientation of the trabecular structures and the Haversian system. Finally, these geometric data were matched with the CT-density characterized time and density-dependent adaptive behaviour of bone remodelling was taken into account by implementation of Carter's criterion. RESULTS: In the constructed "model femur", each FE is characterized by the principal directions of the stiffness and the "CT-density-determined" material properties of cortical and cancellous bone. Thus, on the basis of anatomic data a three-dimensional FE simulation reference model of the proximal femur was realized considering orthotropic conditions of bone behaviour. CONCLUSIONS: With the orthotropic "model femur", the fundamental basis has been formed to realize realistic simulations of the dynamical processes of bone remodelling under different loading conditions or operative procedures (osteotomies, total hip replacements, etc).
机译：目的：与文献中的许多股骨各向同性有限元（FE）模型相反，我们的研究目标是开发一种正交各向异性的FE“股骨模型”以逼真的模拟三维骨重塑。方法：通过CT扫描一对等距2mm的尸体股骨，重建股骨近端的三维几何形状。这些三维CT模型已在有限元仿真工具中实现。将相同的“ CT密度表征”体积组的每个有限元分配众所周知的“密度确定”的骨材料属性（杨氏模量;泊松比;极限压力，拉伸和扭转强度;剪切模量）。为了用相同的“密度特征”固定FE区域的主要硬度方向，将尸体股骨在额叶（左股骨）和矢状面（右股骨）上切成2mm的切片。将每个股骨切片扫描到基于计算机的图像处理系统中。在这些图像上，使用小梁结构和Haversian系统的方向手动确定了松质骨和皮质骨刚度的主要方向。最后，这些几何数据与CT密度表征的时间相匹配，并且通过执行Carter准则考虑了骨重塑的密度依赖性适应性行为。结果：在构建的“股骨模型”中，每个FE的特征在于皮层和松质骨的刚度和“ CT密度确定”的材料特性的主要方向。因此，基于解剖学数据，考虑了骨行为的正交性条件，实现了股骨近端的三维有限元模拟参考模型。结论：利用正交各向异性的“股骨模型”，已形成了在不同负荷条件或手术程序（造口术，全髋关节置换术等）下实现骨骼重塑动力学过程的逼真的模拟的基本基础。

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