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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >Assessment of mechanical conditions in sub-dermal tissues during sitting: a combined experimental-MRI and finite element approach.
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Assessment of mechanical conditions in sub-dermal tissues during sitting: a combined experimental-MRI and finite element approach.

机译：评估坐着时皮下组织的机械状况：结合实验MRI和有限元方法。

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A common but potentially severe malady afflicting permanent wheelchair users is pressure sores caused by elevated soft tissue strains and stresses over a critical prolonged period of time. Presently, there is paucity of information regarding deep soft tissue strains and stresses in the buttocks of humans during sitting. Strain and stress distributions in deep muscle and fat tissues were therefore calculated in six healthy subjects during sitting, in a double-donut Open-MR system, using a "reverse engineering" approach. Specifically, finite element (FE) models of the undeformed buttock were built for each subject using MR images taken at the coronal plane in a non-weight-bearing sitting posture. Using a second MR image taken from each subject during weight-bearing sitting we characterized the ischial tuberosity sagging toward the sitting surface in weight-bearing, and used these data as displacement boundary conditions for the FE models. These subject-specific FE analyses showed that maximal tissue strains and stresses occur in the gluteal muscles, not in fat or at the skin near the body-seat interface. Peak principal compressive strain and stress in the gluteus muscle were 74+/-7% and 32+/-9 kPa (mean+/-standard deviation), respectively. Peak principal compressive strain and stress in enveloping fat tissue were 46+/-7% and 18+/-4 kPa, respectively. Models were validated by comparing measured peak interface pressures under the ischial tuberosities (17+/-4 kPa) with those calculated by means of FE (18+/-3 kPa), for each subject. This is the first study to quantify sub-dermal tissue strain and stress distributions in sitting humans, in vivo. These data are essential for understanding the aetiology of pressure sores, particularly those that were recently termed "deep tissue injury" at the US National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) 2005 Consensus Conference.
机译：困扰永久轮椅使用者的常见但潜在的严重疾病是在关键的长时间段内由软组织应变增加和压力引起的褥疮。当前，关于坐下时人类臀部深部软组织应变和压力的信息很少。因此，在双坐式Open-MR系统中，采用“逆向工程”方法，计算了六个健康受试者在坐着时在深部肌肉和脂肪组织中的应变和应力分布。具体来说，使用在非承重坐姿的冠状平面上拍摄的MR图像，为每个受试者建立未变形臀部的有限元（FE）模型。在承重坐着期间使用从每个对象获取的第二张MR图像，我们表征了承重坐骨结节向坐着表面下垂，并将这些数据用作FE模型的位移边界条件。这些特定于受试者的有限元分析表明，最大的组织应变和压力发生在臀肌中，而不是脂肪或人体与座椅界面附近的皮肤。臀大肌的峰值主压应变和应力分别为74 +/- 7％和32 +/- 9 kPa（平均+/-标准偏差）。包封脂肪组织的峰值主压缩应变和应力分别为46 +/- 7％和18 +/- 4 kPa。通过比较坐骨结节（17 +/- 4 kPa）下测得的峰值界面压力与借助有限元（18 +/- 3 kPa）计算出的峰值界面压力来验证模型。这是第一个在体内量化坐着的人的皮下组织应变和应力分布的研究。这些数据对于理解压疮的病因至关重要，特别是最近在美国国家压疮咨询小组（NPUAP）2005共识会议上被称为“深部组织损伤”的病因。

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