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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of child psychology and psychiatry >Callous-unemotional traits in children and mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love: A treatment target?
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Callous-unemotional traits in children and mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love: A treatment target?

机译：儿童表现出的残酷无情特征和在爱表达过程中眼神交流受损的机制：治疗目标吗？

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Background We previously hypothesised that the early development of psychopathy is associated with a failure to attend to the eyes of attachment figures, and we have presented preliminary data from a parent-child 'love' scenario in support of this. Here, we confirm the association in a larger sample and test mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love in control and behaviourally disturbed children. Methods Oppositional defiant disorder children, assessed for callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and controls, were observed in a brief interaction task where the mother was asked to show love to her child. Eye contact and affection were measured for each dyad. Results As predicted, there were no group differences in affection and eye contact expressed by mothers; levels of CU traits predicted low levels of eye contact towards their mothers across all groups of children. As expected, low eye contact was correlated with psychopathic fearlessness in their fathers, and maternal reports of negative feelings towards the child. Independent observations showed that child's behaviour largely drives the low eye contact associated with CU traits, and low eye contact was not associated with independent observations of the quality of attachment-related behaviours in mothers. Conclusions Impaired eye contact is a unique characteristic of children with CU traits; these impairments are largely independent of maternal behaviour, but associated with psychopathic traits in the fathers. These impairments should be tested for functional significance and amenability to change in longitudinal and treatment studies.
机译：背景技术我们先前假设精神病的早期发展与无法依恋依恋者的眼睛有关，并且我们已经提供了来自亲子“爱”情景的初步数据以支持这一点。在这里，我们确认了在较大的样本中的关联以及测试在对照和行为受到干扰的孩子中表达爱时视线接触受损的机制。方法在一个简短的互动任务中观察对立的反抗障碍儿童进行评估，该儿童具有无性行为（CU）特征和对照，要求母亲向孩子表现出爱意。测量每个双体的眼神接触和情感。结果正如预期的那样，母亲表达的情感和眼神接触没有群体差异; CU的性状水平预测所有儿童组对母亲的眼神交流水平都较低。正如预期的那样，低眼神交流与父亲的精神病性无畏和母亲对孩子的负面感觉有关。独立的观察表明，孩子的行为在很大程度上导致了与CU特征有关的低眼神交流，而低眼神与与母亲依恋相关行为的质量的独立观察无关。结论眼神交流障碍是儿童的CU特质的独特特征。这些障碍很大程度上与孕产妇的行为无关，但与父亲的精神病特征有关。应在纵向和治疗研究中测试这些功能障碍的功能重要性和适应性。

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