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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Economic Entomology >Chemical characteristics of normal, woolly apple aphid-damaged, and mechanically damaged twigs of six apple cultivars, measured in autumn wood
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Chemical characteristics of normal, woolly apple aphid-damaged, and mechanically damaged twigs of six apple cultivars, measured in autumn wood

机译：在秋季木材中测量的六个苹果品种的正常，羊毛苹果蚜虫损坏和机械损坏的嫩枝的化学特性

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摘要

Chemical characteristics of normal, woolly apple aphid-damaged, and mechanically damaged twigs of six apple cultivars: Red Fuji, Golden Delicious, Qinguan, Zhaojin108, Starkrimson, and Red General, were examined in autumn wood to provide a better understanding of factors related to cultivar resistance to the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann). Chemical measures examined included soluble sugars, soluble proteins and amino acids, total phenolics, and polyphenol oxidase (that enhances the resistance of plants to insects) and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase (that degrade waste products in plants). Soluble sugar, protein, and amino acid contents in normal (undamaged) twigs of Red Fuji, aphid-susceptible cultivar, were higher than in mechanically damaged and aphid-damaged twigs. Total phenolic compounds, an important group of defensive compounds against aphids, increased by 30.5 and 6.0% in mechanically damaged twigs of Qinguan and Zhaojin 108, respectively, and decreased by 21.7 and 16.1% in aphid-damaged twigs of Red Fuji and Red General, respectively. Compared with normal twigs, in aphid-damaged twigs, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenol activity all decreased in Red Fuji. The resistance of some apple cultivars to woolly apple aphid during the growth of autumn shoots was related to several of the physiological indices we monitored. The thin epidermis of callus tissue over healed wounds showed increased susceptibility to the attack by woolly apple aphid. Apple cultivar Qinguan with the highest level of resistance to woolly apple aphid in autumn had increased in amino acid, total phenolic compound levels, and enzyme activity after aphid feeding.
机译：在秋季的木材中检查了正常，苹果蚜虫损坏和机械损坏的六个苹果品种的化学特征：红富士，金冠，秦冠，招金108，Starkrimson和红将军，以更好地了解与以下相关的因素品种对羊毛苹果蚜虫Eriosoma lanigerum（Hausmann）具有抗性。检查的化学措施包括可溶性糖，可溶性蛋白质和氨基酸，总酚和多酚氧化酶（增强植物对昆虫的抵抗力）和超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶（降解植物中的废物）。易受蚜虫侵害的红富士正常（未损坏）嫩枝中的可溶性糖，蛋白质和氨基酸含量高于受机械损伤和蚜虫损坏的嫩枝中的可溶性糖，蛋白质和氨基酸含量。酚类化合物是抵抗蚜虫的重要防御化合物，在机械损坏的秦冠和招金108的嫩枝中，总酚含量分别增加了30.5和6.0％，在受到红富士和红将军伤害的蚜虫中，总酚含量分别降低了21.7和16.1％，分别。与正常树枝相比，在蚜虫损坏的树枝中，红富士的超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化物酶和多酚活性均降低。在秋季芽的生长过程中，某些苹果品种对羊毛苹果蚜的抗性与我们监测的几个生理指标有关。愈合伤口上愈伤组织的薄表皮显示出对苹果蚜虫侵袭的敏感性增加。秋季对苹果毛蚜的抗性最高的苹果品种观冠，其氨基酸，总酚类化合物水平和蚜虫饲喂后的酶活性均增加。

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