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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Engineering & Applied Sciences >Reduction of Evaporation from Water Surfaces-Preliminary Assessment for Riyadh Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Reduction of Evaporation from Water Surfaces-Preliminary Assessment for Riyadh Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

机译：减少水面蒸发-沙特阿拉伯王国利雅得地区的初步评估

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摘要

The extremely high rate of evaporation from water surfaces in arid and semi-arid regions greatly reduces optimal utilization of water reservoirs. Therefore, applying techniques to reduce evaporation greatly needed. During last decades, a large number of multipurpose dams (258) with overall design capacities of (～898 MCM) were constructed and distributed over the entire Kingdom. Hence, preserving and protecting the stored water dams reservoirs by reducing evaporation is strategic future task of the Saudi government. The present study was conducted for 7 months, from June-December 1998. Experiment was conducted in Riyadh with three US Class-A evaporation pans and a weather station. Fatty alcohol emulsion was selected to reduce the evaporation during summer months in Riyadh. Various concentrations of emulsion substance were used in different pans. First pan (H_0) was filled with water without adding emulsion, while in pan (H_1), Fatty alcohols emulsion was added with recommended concentration of (100 g/1000 m~2/day) and similarly in pan (H_2) emulsion was added with double of concentration (200 g/1000 m~2/day). The preliminary results of the study indicated that evaporation rate from surface water was reduced overall up to 47.2 and 50.5% in pans (H_1) and (H_2), respectively as compared to pan (H_0).
机译：干旱和半干旱地区水面的极高蒸发率大大降低了水库的最佳利用率。因此，迫切需要应用减少蒸发的技术。在过去的几十年中，建造了大批多功能水坝（258），总体设计能力为（〜898 MCM），并分布在整个王国。因此，通过减少蒸发量来保护和保护蓄水的水坝水库是沙特政府未来的战略任务。本研究从1998年6月至12月进行了7个月。该实验在利雅得进行，装有三个美国A级蒸发锅和一个气象站。在利雅得，选择了脂肪醇乳液以减少夏季的蒸发。在不同的锅中使用了各种浓度的乳液物质。将第一个锅（H_0）装满水而不添加乳液，而在锅（H_1）中，以推荐浓度（100 g / 1000 m〜2 / day）添加脂肪醇乳液，并类似地在锅（H_2）中添加乳液浓度加倍（200 g / 1000 m〜2 / day）。研究的初步结果表明，与平底锅（H_0）相比，平底锅（H_1）和（H_2）中地表水的蒸发速率总体降低至47.2和50.5％。

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