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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Assembly and disassembly of plant microtubules: tubulin modifications and binding to MAPs.
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Assembly and disassembly of plant microtubules: tubulin modifications and binding to MAPs.

机译：植物微管的组装和拆卸：微管蛋白修饰和与MAP的结合。

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摘要

Microtubules are dynamic heteropolymers of - and β-tubulin that assemble co-ordinately in response to a variety of intracellular and extracellular signals and participate in a number of different functions in eukaryotic cells, from cell division to organelle transport, from RNA positioning to flagellar beating. In plant cells, microtubules assemble and disassemble during the cell cycle to organize different microtubule arrays. Interphase cortical microtubules have a critical role in the construction of the cell wall by controlling the correct deposition of cell wall polymers (Lloyd and Chan, 2008). During cell division, microtubules are arranged into characteristic structures. The preprophase band (a circular array of microtubules) defines the future construction site of the cell plate, thus imposing asymmetry on the daughter cells. The mitotic spindle shares the function of the analogous structure of animal and fungal cells but its organization shows some critical differences, mainly caused by the absence of centrioles. The phragmoplast is a special microtubule array that substitutes the contractile ring of animal cells during cytokinesis, allowing the synthesis of a new cell wall that physically separates the two daughter cells. Since the four different microtubule arrays have distinct features and structures, use of different proteins (tubulin and non-tubulin) is a critical requisite for the assembly of each array. Understanding how individual proteins are used in the assembly of microtubules will allow a clearer picture of how microtubules perform their function and pass from interphase to mitotic arrays (and vice versa).
机译：微管是-和β-微管蛋白的动态杂聚物，可响应各种细胞内和细胞外信号而协调装配，并参与真核细胞的许多不同功能，从细胞分裂到细胞器转运，从RNA定位到鞭毛跳动。在植物细胞中，微管在细胞周期中进行组装和拆卸，以组织不同的微管阵列。通过控制细胞壁聚合物的正确沉积，相间皮层微管在细胞壁的构建中起着至关重要的作用（Lloyd and Chan，2008）。在细胞分裂过程中，微管排列成特征结构。前期带（微管的圆形阵列）定义了细胞板的未来构建位点，从而在子细胞上施加了不对称性。有丝分裂纺锤体具有动物和真菌细胞类似结构的功能，但其组织显示出一些关键差异，这主要是由于缺乏中心粒所致。原生质膜是一种特殊的微管阵列，可在胞质分裂过程中替代动物细胞的收缩环，从而合成新的细胞壁，从而将两个子细胞物理上分开。由于四个不同的微管阵列具有不同的特征和结构，因此使用不同的蛋白质（微管蛋白和非微管蛋白）是组装每个阵列的关键条件。了解微管组装中如何使用单个蛋白质将使您更清楚地了解微管如何执行其功能并从相间传递到有丝分裂阵列（反之亦然）。

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