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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >ATP-competitive mTOR kinase inhibitors delay plant growth by triggering early differentiation of meristematic cells but no developmental patterning change.
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ATP-competitive mTOR kinase inhibitors delay plant growth by triggering early differentiation of meristematic cells but no developmental patterning change.

机译：ATP竞争性mTOR激酶抑制剂通过触发分生细胞的早期分化而延迟植物生长，但没有发育模式的变化。

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摘要

The TOR (target of rapamycin) protein, a large phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-like protein kinase (PIKK) that is conserved in eukaryotes and is a central regulator of growth and metabolism. The analysis of function of TOR in plant growth and development has been limited by the fact that plants are very poorly sensitive to rapamycin. As the kinase domain of TOR is highly conserved, this study analysed the dose-dependent effect of three sets of first- and second-generation ATP-competitive inhibitors (called asTORis for active-site TOR inhibitors) recently developed for the human TOR kinase on Arabidopsis thaliana growth. All six asTORis inhibited plant root growth in a dose-dependent manner, with 50% growth inhibitory doses (GI50) of <10 micro M and <1 micro M for the first- and second-generation inhibitors, respectively, similarly to the values in mammalian cells. A genetic approach further demonstrated that only asTORis inhibited root growth in an AtTOR gene-dosage-dependent manner. AsTORis decreased the length of: (i) the meristematic zone (MZ); (ii) the division zone in the MZ; (iii) epidermal cells in the elongation zone; and (iv) root hair cells. Whereas meristematic cells committed to early differentiation, the pattern of cell differentiation was not affected per se. AsTORis-induced root hair growth phenotype was shown to be specific by using other growth inhibitors blocking the cell cycle or translation. AsTORis dose-dependent inhibition of growth and root hairs was also observed in diverse groups of flowering plants, indicating that asTORis can be used to study the TOR pathway in other angiosperms, including crop plants.
机译：TOR（雷帕霉素的靶标）蛋白，一种大的磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶样蛋白激酶（PIKK），在真核生物中保守，是生长和代谢的主要调节剂。植物对雷帕霉素非常不敏感的事实限制了TOR在植物生长和发育中的功能分析。由于TOR的激酶结构域高度保守，本研究分析了最近针对人TOR激酶开发的三组第一和第二代ATP竞争性抑制剂（活性位点TOR抑制剂称为asTORis）的剂量依赖性作用。拟南芥生长。所有六个asTORis均以剂量依赖性方式抑制植物根系生长，第一代和第二代抑制剂的50％生长抑制剂量（GI 50 ）<10 micro M，<1 micro M分别类似于哺乳动物细胞中的值。遗传方法进一步证明只有asTORis以AtTOR基因剂量依赖性方式抑制根生长。 AsTORis缩短了以下时间的长度：（i）分生区（MZ）; （ii）MZ的划分区; （iii）伸长区的表皮细胞; （iv）根毛细胞。分生细胞致力于早期分化，而细胞分化的模式本身并不受影响。通过使用其他阻止细胞周期或翻译的生长抑制剂，AsTORis诱导的根毛生长表型表现出特异性。在不同种类的开花植物中也观察到AsTORis对生长和根毛的剂量依赖性抑制，表明asTORis可用于研究其他被子植物（包括农作物）中的TOR途径。

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