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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >An apomixis-linked ORC3-like pseudogene is associated with silencing of its functional homolog in apomictic Paspalum simplex
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An apomixis-linked ORC3-like pseudogene is associated with silencing of its functional homolog in apomictic Paspalum simplex

机译：与无融合生殖相关的ORC3样假基因与其在无融合生殖的Paspalum单形中的功能同源物的沉默有关

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摘要

Apomixis in plants consists of asexual reproduction by seeds. Here we characterized at structural and functional levels an apomixis-linked sequence of Paspalum simplex homologous to subunit 3 of the ORIGIN RECOGNITION COMPLEX (ORC3). ORC is a multiprotein complex which controls DNA replication and cell differentiation in eukaryotes. Three PsORC3 copies were identified, each one characterized by a specific expression profile. Of these, PsORC3a, specific for apomictic genotypes, is a pseudogene that was poorly and constitutively expressed in all developmental stages of apomictic flowers, whereas PsORC3b, the putative functional gene in sexual flowers, showed a precise time-related regulation. Sense transcripts of PsORC3 were expressed in the female cell lineage of both apomictic and sexual reproductive phenotypes, and in aposporous initials. Although strong expression was detected in sexual early endosperm, no expression was present in the apomictic endosperm. Antisense PsORC3 transcripts were revealed exclusively in apomictic germ cell lineages. Defective orc3 mutants of rice and Arabidopsis showed normal female gametophytes although the embryo and endosperm were arrested at early phases of development. We hypothesize that PsORC3a is associated with the down-regulation of its functional homolog and with the development of apomictic endosperm which deviates from the canonical 2(maternal): 1(paternal) genome ratio.
机译：植物中的无融合生殖由种子的无性繁殖组成。在这里，我们在结构和功能水平上表征了与原产地识别复合物（ORC3）的亚基3同源的Paspalum单体的无融合生殖连接序列。 ORC是一种多蛋白复合物，可控制真核生物中的DNA复制和细胞分化。鉴定出三个PsORC3拷贝，每个拷贝具有特定的表达谱。其中，对无融合生殖基因型特异的PsORC3a是假基因，在无融合生殖花的所有发育阶段均表达不佳且组成性表达，而有性花中的假定功能基因PsORC3b显示出与时间相关的精确调控。 PsORC3的有义转录本在无融合生殖和有性生殖表型的雌性细胞谱系中以及在无孔的首字母中表达。尽管在性早胚乳中检测到强表达，但在无融合生殖胚乳中没有表达。仅在无融合生殖生殖细胞谱系中揭示了反义PsORC3转录本。水稻和拟南芥的有缺陷的orc3突变体显示出正常的雌配子体，尽管胚胎和胚乳在发育的早期就被捕获了。我们假设PsORC3a与其功能同源物的下调以及与无融合生殖胚乳的发展有关，而无胚乳胚乳偏离了规范的2（母本）：1（父本）基因组比率。

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