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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Psychology. General >Identifying bottom-up and top-down components of attentional weight by experimental analysis and computational modeling
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Identifying bottom-up and top-down components of attentional weight by experimental analysis and computational modeling

机译：通过实验分析和计算模型识别自重的自上而下和自上而下的成分

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The attentional weight of a visual object depends on the contrast of the features of the object to its local surroundings (feature contrast) and the relevance of the features to one's goals (feature relevance). We investigated the dependency in partial report experiments with briefly presented stimuli but unspeeded responses. The task was to report the letters from a mixture of letters (targets) and digits (distractors). Color was irrelevant to the task, but many stimulus displays contained an item (target or distractor) in a deviant color (a color singleton). The results showed concurrent effects of feature contrast (color singleton vs. nonsingleton) and relevance (target vs. distractor). A singleton target had a higher probability of being reported than did a nonsingleton target, and a singleton distractor interfered more strongly with report of targets than did a nonsingleton distractor. Measured by use of Bundesen's (1990) computational theory of visual attention, the attentional weight of a singleton object was nearly proportional to the weight of an otherwise similar nonsingleton object, with a factor of proportionality that increased with the strength of the feature contrast of the singleton. This result is explained by generalizing the weight equation of Bundesen's (1990) theory of visual attention such that the attentional weight of an object becomes a product of a bottom-up (feature contrast) and a top-down (feature relevance) component.
机译：视觉对象的注意力权重取决于对象的特征与其局部周围环境的对比度（特征对比度）以及特征与目标的相关性（特征相关性）。我们调查了部分报告实验中的依赖性，并简要介绍了刺激但未加快响应速度。任务是报告字母（目标）和数字（干扰物）混合而成的字母。颜色与任务无关，但是许多刺激显示包含异常颜色（单色）的项目（目标或干扰物）。结果显示了特征对比度（颜色单项与非单项）和相关性（目标与干扰项）的同时影响。单例目标的报告概率要高于非单例目标，并且单例干扰器对目标报告的干扰要比非单例干扰器强。通过使用Bundesen（1990）的视觉注意力计算理论进行测量，单身对象的注意权重几乎与其他类似非单身对象的权重成正比，比例因数随其特征对比度的强度而增加。单身人士。通过概括Bundesen（1990）的视觉注意理论的权重方程来解释此结果，以使对象的注意权重成为自下而上（特征对比）和自上而下（特征相关）分量的乘积。

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