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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition >Asymmetrical Switch Costs in Bilingual Language Production Induced by Reading Words
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Asymmetrical Switch Costs in Bilingual Language Production Induced by Reading Words

机译：单词引起的双语生产中的不对称转换成本

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摘要

We examined language-switching effects in French-English bilinguals using a paradigm where pictures are always named in the same language (either French or English) within a block of trials, and on each trial, the picture is preceded by a printed word from the same language or from the other language. Participants had to eithermake a language decision on the word or categorize it as an animal name or not. Picture-naming latencies in French (Language 1 [L1]) wereslower when pictures were preceded by an English word than by a French word, independently of the task performed on the word. There were no language-switching effects when pictures were named in English (L2). This pattern replicates asymmetrical switch costs found with the cued picture-naming paradigm and shows that the asymmetrical pattern can be obtained (a) in the absence of artificial (nonlinguistic) language cues, (b) when the switch involves a shift from comprehension in 1 language to production in another, and (c) when the naming language is blocked (univalent response). We concluded that language switch costs in bilinguals cannot be reduced to effects driven by task control or response-selection mechanisms.
机译：我们使用范式检查了法英双语中的语言切换效果，该范式中的图片始终在同一批试验中以相同的语言（法语或英语）命名，并且在每次试验中，图片前均带有印刷的单词。相同语言或其他语言。参与者必须对单词做出语言决定，或者将其归类为动物名。当图片前面带有英语单词而不是法语单词时，法语中的图片命名等待时间（语言1 [L1]）要慢一些，而与对该单词执行的任务无关。图片以英语命名时（L2），没有语言切换效果。此模式复制了通过提示图片命名范例发现的不对称切换成本，并表明（a）在没有人为（非语言）语言提示的情况下可以获得不对称模式，（b）当切换涉及从理解1转变时（c）命名语言被阻止时（等效响应）。我们得出的结论是，双语人员的语言转换成本无法降低到任务控制或响应选择机制所驱动的效果。

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