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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition >Conjunction Illusions and Conjunction Fallacies in Episodic Memory
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Conjunction Illusions and Conjunction Fallacies in Episodic Memory

机译：情景记忆中的连词错觉和连词谬误

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Recent research on the overdistribution principle implies that episodic memory is infected by conjunction illusions. These are instances in which an item that was presented in a single context (e.g., List 1) is falsely remembered as having been presented in multiple contexts (e.g., List 1 and List 2). Robust conjunction illusions were detected in source-monitoring designs in which conjunctive probes ("Was bagpipe presented on List 1 and List 2?") were added to the traditional nonconjunctive probes ("Was bagpipe presented on List 1?"). In Experiment 1, the levels of those illusions were comparable to what would be expected on the basis of results from prior overdistribution experiments. In Experiments 2 and 3, conjunction illusions were neither eliminated nor reduced by a manipulation that should have had such effects if the illusions are by-products of subjective differences in retrieved memory support. Also, conjunction illusions sometimes rose to the level of conjunction fallacies: In certain conditions, subjects thought that items were more likely to have occurred in all the presentation contexts than in any single context, which is impossible. Two general approaches to explaining overdistribution, representational accounts and retrieval accounts, are considered.
机译：对超分配原理的最新研究表明，情节记忆受到连带错觉的感染。在这些情况下，在单个上下文（例如，列表1）中呈现的项目被错误地记住为在多个上下文（例如，列表1和列表2）中呈现。在源监视设计中检测到了鲁棒的错觉，在这种情况下，向传统的非结膜探针中添加了结膜探针（“列表1和列表2出现了风笛”）。在实验1中，这些错觉的水平与基于先前的过度分配实验的结果所预期的水平相当。在实验2和3中，如果幻觉是所获得的记忆支持中主观差异的副产品，则通过产生这种效果的操作既不会消除也不减少幻觉。同样，有时连接幻觉会上升到连接谬误的水平：在某些情况下，受试者认为在所有演示情境中都比在任何单个情境中都更容易出现项目，这是不可能的。考虑了两种解释超额分配的一般方法，即代表性帐户和检索帐户。

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