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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of evaluation in clinical practice >Polanyi's tacit knowing and the relevance of epistemology to clinical medicine.
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Polanyi's tacit knowing and the relevance of epistemology to clinical medicine.

机译：波兰尼的默契和认识论与临床医学的关系。

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Most clinicians take for granted a simple, reductionist understanding of medical knowledge that is at odds with how they actually practice medicine; routine medical decisions incorporate more complicated kinds of information than most standard accounts of medical reasoning suggest. A better understanding of the structure and function of knowledge in medicine can lead to practical improvements in clinical medicine. This understanding requires some familiarity with epistemology, the study of knowledge and its structure, in medicine. Michael Polanyi's theory of tacit knowing is advanced as the basis for developing a more accurate understanding of medical knowledge. Tacit knowing, which explores the taken-for-granted background knowledge that underlies all human knowing, is explained in detail with a focus on its relevance for clinical medicine. The implications of recognizing tacit knowing in medicine and medical decisions are discussed. These include the ability to explain the importance of the clinical encounter in medical practice, mechanisms for analysing patient and doctor as persons, and the need for humility given the uncertainty that the tacit dimension injects into all medical decisions. This more robust medical epistemology allows clinicians to better articulate the nature and importance of patient-centred care, to avoid pitfalls inherent in reductionist approaches to medical knowledge, and to think more clearly about the relationships between medicine and health care at the individual and population levels.
机译：大多数临床医生将医学知识的简单化，还原论理解为理所当然，这与他们实际的医学实践相矛盾。常规医学决策所包含的信息比大多数标准的医学推理所建议的更为复杂。对医学知识的结构和功能的更好理解可以导致临床医学的实际改进。这种理解需要对医学的认识论，知识及其结构的研究有所了解。迈克尔·波拉尼（Michael Polanyi）的默会知识理论是发展为对医学知识更准确理解的基础。隐性知识将探索作为人类所有知识基础的必要的背景知识，并将重点介绍其与临床医学的相关性。讨论了在医学和医学决策中认识隐性知识的含义。这些包括解释临床实践在医学实践中的重要性的能力，用于分析患者和医生的人际关系的机制以及由于默认维度在所有医学决策中都存在不确定性而需要谦卑的能力。这种更健壮的医学认识论使临床医生可以更好地阐明以患者为中心的护理的性质和重要性，避免以还原论为基础的医学知识方法固有的陷阱，并可以更清晰地思考个人与人群之间医学与卫生保健之间的关系。 。

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