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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >STRATOSPHERE-TROPOSPHERE EXCHANGE IN A MIDLATITUDE MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEX .2. NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS
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STRATOSPHERE-TROPOSPHERE EXCHANGE IN A MIDLATITUDE MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEX .2. NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS

机译：中尺度对流复合体的平流层-对流层交换2。数值模拟

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Mixing across the tropopause due to intense convective events may significantly influence the atmospheric chemical balance. Stratosphere-troposphere exchange acts as an important natural source of O-3 in the troposphere, and a source of H2O, HCs, CFCs, HCFCs, and reactive nitrogen in the stratosphere. The redistribution of atmospheric trace gases produces secondary radiative, dynamical and climate effects, influencing lower stratospheric temperatures and the tropopause height. During the 1989 North Dakota Thunderstorm Project, a severe storm which evolved into a mesoscale convective complex (MCC) on June 28-29 showed the unusual feature of an anvil formed well within the stratosphere and produced strong vertical mixing of atmospheric trace gases including H2O, CO O-3, and NOy as discussed by Poulida et al. [this issue] in Part 1 of this paper. In this paper the two-dimensional NASA Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) model was employed to simulate this convective storm using observed initial and boundary conditions. The sensitivity to the domain size, initial and boundary conditions, stability, and time resolution are evaluated. Synoptic-scale moisture convergence, simulated by moist boundary inflow, influences significantly the storm intensity, spatial structure, and trace gas transport, and produces a storm that reintensifies after the initial decay, mimicking the observed behavior of the MCC. The deformation of the tropopause documented with aircraft observations was qualitatively reproduced along with transport of stratospheric ozone downward into the troposphere, and the transport of trace species from the boundary layer upward into the stratosphere. If the chemistry and dynamics of this storm are typical of the roughly 100 MCCs occurring annually over midlatitudes, then this mechanism plays an important role in CO, NOy, and O-3 budgets and could be the dominant source of H2O in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere over midlatitudes. [References: 36]
机译：由于强烈的对流事件，整个对流层顶混合可能会严重影响大气化学平衡。平流层-对流层交换是对流层中O-3的重要自然来源，也是平流层中H2O，HCs，CFC，HCFC和活性氮的来源。大气中痕量气体的重新分布会产生二次辐射，动力学和气候影响，影响较低的平流层温度和对流层顶高度。在1989年北达科他州雷暴项目期间，一场严重的风暴在6月28日至29日演变成中尺度对流复合体（MCC），显示出平流层中良好形成的砧座的异常特征，并产生了垂直的混合气体，其中包括H2O等大气痕量气体，如Poulida等人所述，CO O-3和NOy。本文第1部分中的[本期]。在本文中，使用二维NASA戈达德积云（GCE）模型使用观察到的初始条件和边界条件来模拟对流风暴。评估了对域大小，初始和边界条件，稳定性和时间分辨率的敏感性。由潮湿边界流入模拟的天气尺度水汽汇聚，极大地影响了风暴强度，空间结构和痕量气体的运输，并产生了风暴，该风暴在初始衰减后加剧了，模仿了MCC的观测行为。定性地再现了飞机观测所记录的对流层顶顶变形，以及平流层臭氧向下进入对流层以及痕量物质从边界层向上进入平流层的现象。如果该风暴的化学和动力学是每年在中纬度地区发生的大约100个MCC的典型特征，则该机制在CO，NOy和O-3预算中起着重要作用，并且可能是平流层下层H2O的主要来源。中纬度上对流层。 [参考：36]

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