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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Determination of radiative forcing of Saharan dust using combined TOMS and ERBE data
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Determination of radiative forcing of Saharan dust using combined TOMS and ERBE data

机译：利用TOMS和ERBE组合数据确定撒哈拉尘土的辐射强迫

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We determine the direct radiative forcing of Saharan dust aerosols by combining aerosol information derived from Nimbus-7 TOMS with radiation measurements observed at the top of atmosphere (TOA) by NOAA-9 ERBE made during February-July 1985. Cloud parameters and precipitable water derived from NOAA-9 HIRS2 were used to aid in screening for clouds and water vapor in the analyses. Our results indicate that under "cloud-free" and "dry" conditions there is a good correlation between the ERBE TOA outgoing longwave fluxes and the TOMS aerosol index measurements over both land and ocean in areas under the influence of airborne Saharan dust. The ERBE TOA outgoing shortwave fluxes were also found to correlate well with the dust loading derived from TOMS over ocean. However, the calculated shortwave forcing of Saharan dust aerosols is very weak and noisy over land for the range of solar zenith angle viewed by the NOAA-9 ERBE in 1985. Sensitivity factors of the TOA outgoing fluxes to changes in aerosol index were estimated using a linear regression fit to the ERBE and TOMS measurements. The ratio of the shortwave-to-longwave response to changes in dust loading over the ocean is found to be roughly 2 to 3 but opposite in sign. The monthly averaged "clear-sky" TOA direct forcing of airborne Saharan dust was also calculated by multiplying these sensitivity factors by the TOMS monthly averaged "clear-sky" aerosol index. Both the observational and theoretical analyses indicate that the underlying surface properties, dust layer height, ambient moisture content, and the presence of cloud all play important roles in determining the TOA direct radiative forcing due to mineral aerosols. [References: 26]
机译：我们通过结合从Nimbus-7 TOMS获得的气溶胶信息与1985年2月至7月在NOAA-9 ERBE观测到的大气层顶部（TOA）的辐射测量值的组合，确定撒哈拉尘埃气溶胶的直接辐射强迫。云参数和可沉淀水来自NOAA-9的HIRS2被用于辅助分析中的云和水蒸气的筛选。我们的结果表明，在“无云”和“干燥”条件下，受空气传播的撒哈拉粉尘影响，陆地和海洋上的ERBE TOA外出长波通量与TOMS气溶胶指数测量值之间具有良好的相关性。还发现ERBE TOA的短波通量与海洋TOMS产生的粉尘负荷有很好的相关性。然而，1985年NOAA-9 ERBE观测到的撒哈拉粉尘气溶胶的短波强迫非常弱，并且在陆地上存在噪声，这是由NOAA-9 ERBE观察到的。TOA出射通量对气溶胶指数变化的敏感性因子使用线性回归适合ERBE和TOMS测量。短波对长波响应与海洋上尘埃变化的比率约为2：3，但符号相反。还通过将这些敏感度因子乘以TOMS每月平均“晴空”气溶胶指数来计算空气中撒哈拉尘埃的每月平均“晴空” TOA直接强迫。观察和理论分析均表明，由于矿物气溶胶，潜在的表面性质，尘埃层高度，环境湿度和云层的存在均在确定TOA直接辐射强迫中起着重要作用。 [参考：26]

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