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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Magnetic field of Mars: Summary of results from the aerobraking and mapping orbits
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Magnetic field of Mars: Summary of results from the aerobraking and mapping orbits

机译：火星磁场：航空制动和制图轨道的结果摘要

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摘要

The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Magnetic Field Investigation was designed to provide fast vector measurements of the ambient magnetic field in the near-Mars environment and over a wide dynamic range. The fundamental objectives of this investigation were to (1) establish the nature of the magnetic field of Mars; (2) develop appropriate models for its representation; and (3) map the Martian crustal remanent field (if one existed) to a resolution consistent with the spacecraft orbit altitude and ground track separation. Important and complementary objectives were the study of the interaction of Mars with the solar wind and of its ionosphere. The instrumentation is a synergistic combination of a twin-triaxial, fluxgate magnetometer system and an electron reflectometer. The twin-magnetometer system allows the real-time detection of spacecraft-generated fields, while the electron reflectometer adds remote magnetic field sensing capabilities as well as information about the local electron population. After Mars orbit injection in September 1997 and through the aerobraking (AB) and science-phasing orbits (SPO) that followed, observations were acquired from more than 1000 elliptical orbits with periapses ranging from 85 to 170 km above Mars' surface. Following injection into the final similar to 400 km altitude circular-mapping orbit, data have been acquired from more than 6000 orbits in the fixed 02100-1400 local time plane. Major results obtained so far by the Magnetometer/Electron Reflectometer (MAG/ER) investigation in the course of the mission include (1) the determination that Mars does not currently possess a magnetic field of internal origin (dynamo), (2) the discovery of linear, strongly magnetized regions in its crust, closely associated with the ancient, cratered terrain of the highlands in the southern hemisphere, and (3) multiple magnetic "cusps" that connect the crustal magnetic sources to the Martian tail and shocked solar wind plasma. The solar wind interaction with Mars is therefore similar in many ways tic) that at Venus and at an active comet, primarily an ionospheric/atmospheric interaction. A comet-like "magnetic pileup" region and boundary develop that stand off the solar wind, and mass loading by pickup ions of planetary origin plays an important role in defining interaction regions and overall geometry. This paper focuses primarily on the results obtained by the magnetometer (MAG) portion of the investigation during the MGS aerobraking, science-phasing, and mapping orbits. A companion paper on this issue summarizes the results obtained from the Electron Reflectometer (ER) sensor. [References: 36]
机译：火星全球测量师（MGS）磁场调查旨在提供近火星环境和宽动态范围内环境磁场的快速矢量测量。这项研究的基本目标是（1）确定火星磁场的性质; （2）建立适当的模型来表示它; （3）将火星地壳剩余场（如果有的话）绘制到与航天器轨道高度和地面轨道间隔一致的分辨率。重要的补充目标是研究火星与太阳风及其电离层之间的相互作用。该仪器是双三轴磁通门磁强计系统和电子反射计的协同组合。双磁强计系统可以实时探测航天器产生的磁场，而电子反射计则增加了远程磁场感应功能以及有关本地电子种群的信息。在1997年9月进行火星轨道注入并通过随后的航空制动（AB）和科学定相轨道（SPO）之后，从1000多个椭圆轨道中获得了观测值，其近视点在火星表面上方85至170 km。将其注入类似于400 km高度的最后一个圆形制图轨道的最终轨道之后，已经从固定的02100-1400当地时间平面的6000多个轨道中获取了数据。迄今为止，通过磁力仪/电子反射仪（MAG / ER）进行的调查所获得的主要结果包括：（1）确定火星当前不具有内部磁场（发电机），（2）发现地壳中线性，强磁化的区域，与南半球高地的古代，坑坑洼洼的地形紧密相关，以及（3）将地壳磁源连接至火星尾巴和受到冲击的太阳风等离子体的多个磁性“尖点” 。因此，太阳风与火星的相互作用在许多方面类似于金星和活动彗星，主要是电离层/大气层的相互作用。形成了像彗星一样的“磁性堆积”区域和边界，这些区域和边界抵挡了太阳风，行星起源的拾取离子的质量负载在定义相互作用区域和总体几何形状方面起着重要作用。本文主要关注在MGS气动制动，科学定相和制图轨道过程中，磁力计（MAG）部分获得的结果。关于此问题的另一篇论文总结了从电子反射计（ER）传感器获得的结果。 [参考：36]

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