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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Arctic epishelf lakes as sentinel ecosystems: Past, present and future
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Arctic epishelf lakes as sentinel ecosystems: Past, present and future

机译：北极前哨湖泊作为定点生态系统：过去，现在和未来

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摘要

Ice shelves are a prominent but diminishing feature of the northern coastline of Ellesmere Island in the Canadian High Arctic (latitude 82-83 degrees N). By blocking embayments and fiords, this thick coastal ice can create epishelf lakes, which are characterized by a perennially ice-capped water column of freshwater overlying seawater. The goal of this study was to synthesize new, archived, and published data on Arctic epishelf lakes in the context of climate change. Long-term changes along this coastline were evaluated using historical reports, cartographic analysis, RADARSAT imagery, and field measurements. These data, including salinity-temperature profiling records from Disraeli Fiord spanning 54 years, show the rapid decline and near disappearance of this lake type in the Arctic. Salinity-temperature profiling of Milne Fiord, currently blocked by the Milne Ice Shelf, confirmed that it contained an epishelf lake composed of a 16-m thick freshwater layer overlying seawater. A profiling survey along the coast showed that there was a continuum of ice-dammed lakes from shallow systems dammed by multiyear landfast sea ice to deep epishelf lakes behind ice shelves. The climate warming recently observed in this region likely contributed to the decline of epishelf lakes over the last century, and the air temperature trend predicted for the Arctic over the next several decades implies the imminent loss of this ecosystem type. Our results underscore the distinctive properties of coastal ice-dammed lakes and their value as sentinel ecosystems for the monitoring of regional and global climate change.
机译：冰架是加拿大高北极地区（北纬82-83度）的埃尔斯米尔岛北部海岸线的一个突出但逐渐减少的特征。通过阻挡浮标和峡湾，这种厚厚的沿海冰层可以形成落石湖，其特征是常年覆冰的淡水覆盖海水的水柱。这项研究的目的是在气候变化的背景下，合成关于北极地上湖泊的新的，存档的和出版的数据。使用历史报告，制图分析，RADARSAT影像和野外测量来评估沿海岸线的长期变化。这些数据，包括来自Disraeli Fiord长达54年的盐度-温度曲线记录，显示了这种湖泊类型在北极地区迅速下降和几乎消失。目前被米尔恩冰架阻挡的米尔恩峡湾的盐度温度剖面图证实，该湖中有一个由十六米厚的淡水层覆盖海水组成的地上湖。沿海地区的剖析调查显示，从多年被陆地海冰阻塞的浅层系统到冰架后面的深层结膜湖，都有一个连续的被冰堵的湖泊。最近在该地区观测到的气候变暖可能导致上世纪上岸的落石湖减少，并且预测未来几十年北极的气温趋势表明该生态系统类型即将丧失。我们的结果强调了沿海冰封湖泊的独特特性及其作为监测区域和全球气候变化的前哨生态系统的价值。

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