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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >THE ANNUAL CYCLE OF STRATOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR IN A GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL
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THE ANNUAL CYCLE OF STRATOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR IN A GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL

机译：一般环流模型中的平流层水汽年循环

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The application of general circulation models (GCMs) to stratospheric chemistry and transport both permits and requires a thorough investigation of stratospheric water vapor. The National Center for Atmospheric Research has redesigned its GCM, the Community Climate Model (CCM2), to enable studies of the chemistry and transport of tracers including water vapor; the importance of water vapor to the climate and chemistry of the stratosphere requires that it be better understood in the atmosphere and well represented in the model. In this study, methane is carried as a tracer and converted to water; this simple chemistry provides an adequate representation of the upper stratospheric water vapor source. The cold temperature bias in the winter polar stratosphere, which the CCM2 shares with other GCMs, produces excessive dehydration in the southern hemisphere, but this dry bias can be ameliorated by setting a minimum vapor pressure. The CCM2's water vapor distribution and seasonality compare favorably with observations in many respects, though seasonal variations including the upper stratospheric semiannual oscillation are generally too small. Southern polar dehydration affects midlatitude water vapor mixing ratios by a few tenths of a part per million, mostly after the demise of the vortex. The annual cycle of water vapor in the tropical and northern midlatitude lower stratosphere is dominated by drying at the tropical tropopause. Water vapor has a longer adjustment time than methane and had not reached equilibrium at the end of the 9 years simulated here. [References: 57]
机译：在平流层化学和运输中使用通用循环模型（GCM）既允许也需要对平流层水蒸气进行彻底研究。国家大气研究中心重新设计了GCM，即社区气候模型（CCM2），以便能够研究包括水蒸气在内的示踪剂的化学和传输;水蒸气对平流层气候和化学的重要性要求在大气中更好地理解水蒸气并在模型中很好地表示出来。在这项研究中，甲烷被用作示踪剂并转化为水。这种简单的化学方法可以充分反映平流层上部的水蒸气源。 CCM2与其他GCM共享的冬季极地平流层中的冷温度偏差会在南半球产生过多的脱水，但是可以通过设置最小蒸气压来改善这种干燥偏差。 CCM2的水汽分布和季节变化在许多方面都与观测值相吻合，尽管通常包括平流层上半年半年振荡在内的季节变化通常都很小。南极脱水影响中纬度水汽混合比例的比例为百万分之几十分之一，主要是在涡旋消逝之后。在热带和北纬中低层平流层中，水汽的年循环主要由热带对流层顶的干燥决定。水蒸气的调节时间比甲烷长，并且在此处模拟的9年末尚未达到平衡。 [参考：57]

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