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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Improved general circulation models of the Martian atmosphere from the surface to above 80 km
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Improved general circulation models of the Martian atmosphere from the surface to above 80 km

机译：改进了火星大气从地面到80公里以上的一般环流模型

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We describe a set of two "new generation" general circulation models of the Martian atmosphere derived from the models we originally developed in the early 1990s. The two new models share the same physical parameterizations but use two complementary numerical methods to solve the atmospheric dynamic equations. The vertical resolution near the surface has been refined, and the vertical domain has been extended to above 80 km. These changes fare accompanied by the inclusion of state-of-the-art parameterizations to better simulate the dynamical and physical processes near the surface (boundary layer scheme, subgrid-scale topography parameterization, etc.) and at high altitude (gravity wave drag). In addition, radiative transfer calculations and the representation of polar processes have been significantly improved. We present some examples of zonal-mean fields from simulations using the model at several seasons. One relatively novel aspect, previously introduced by Wilson [1997], is that around northern winter solstice the strong pole to pole diabatic forcing creates a quasi-global, angular-momentum conserving Hadley cell which has no terrestrial equivalent. Within such a cell the Coriolis forces accelerate the winter meridional flow toward the pole and induce a strong warming of the middle polar atmosphere down to 25 km. This winter polar warming had been observed but not properly modeled until recently. In fact, thermal inversions are generally predicted above one, and often both, poles around 60-70 km. However, the Mars middle atmosphere above 40 km is found to be very model-sensitive and thus difficult to simulate accurately in the absence of observations.
机译：我们描述了两个火星大气层的“新一代”一般环流模型集，这些模型是由我们在1990年代初最初开发的模型衍生而来的。这两个新模型共享相同的物理参数，但是使用两个互补的数值方法来求解大气动力学方程。改善了地表附近的垂直分辨率，并将垂直范围扩展到80 km以上。这些变化的过程伴随着最新的参数设置，可以更好地模拟地表附近（边界层方案，亚网格规模地形参数化等）以及在高海拔（重力波拖曳）的动力学和物理过程。 。此外，辐射转移计算和极地过程的表示也得到了显着改善。我们使用几个季节的模型，通过模拟给出了纬向平均场的一些示例。威尔逊（Wilson，1997）先前介绍的一个相对新颖的方面是，在冬至前后，强烈的极间绝热强迫作用形成了一个准全局，角动量守恒的哈德利细胞，没有陆地等效物。在这样一个单元内，科里奥利力加速了冬季向子极的子午气流，并引起了中极大气的强烈变暖，直至25 km。已经观测到了这个冬天的极地变暖，但是直到最近才进行了正确的建模。实际上，通常在60-70 km左右的一个极点（通常两个极点以上）上都可以预测到热反演。但是，发现40公里以上的火星中层大气对模型非常敏感，因此在没有观测值的情况下很难准确模拟。

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