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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of human nutrition and dietetics >Frequency of under- and overfeeding in mechanically ventilated ICU patients: causes and possible consequences.
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Frequency of under- and overfeeding in mechanically ventilated ICU patients: causes and possible consequences.

机译：机械通气ICU患者食物不足和过量的频率：原因和可能的后果。

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INTRODUCTION: In critically ill patients enteral nutrition (EN) is frequently associated with underfeeding and intolerance, whilst parenteral nutrition (PN) has been associated with a greater risk of infectious complications and overfeeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The adequacy of nutritional support provided to critically ill patients was prospectively recorded and compared with estimated requirements. The incidence of, and practices contributing to, under- (<80% of energy requirements) and overfeeding (>110% of energy requirements) were identified. RESULTS: Overall patients received approximately 81% and 76% of prescribed energy and protein intakes respectively. Underfeeding occurred on 50.3% of days. Reasons for patients failing to achieve adequate intakes included, fasting for airway management procedures (21%) and gastrointestinal intolerance (14%). Overfeeding, although less common (18.6% of days), was more likely to occur in patients with a tracheostomy requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation (>16 days). The combination of oral and nasogastric feeding or use of nutrient-dense feeds were most frequently associated with overfeeding. Discussion The overall adequacy of nutritional intakes in the present study was similar to those reported elsewhere. However, the incidence of overfeeding was greater than anticipated and occurred in patients already experiencing delayed weaning from mechanical ventilation.
机译：简介：在危重病人中，肠内营养（EN）经常与喂养不足和不耐受有关，而肠胃外营养（PN）与感染并发症和过量喂养的风险更高。材料与方法：前瞻性地记录了为重症患者提供的营养支持的充分程度，并将其与估计的需求进行比较。确定了不足（<80％的能源需求）和过量喂食（> 110％的能源需求）的发生率和做法。结果：总体患者分别接受了约81％和76％的规定能量和蛋白质摄入量。 50.3％的日子发生喂食不足。患者未能获得足够摄入量的原因包括：气道管理程序禁食（21％）和胃肠道耐受不良（14％）。过度喂养虽然很少见（占天数的18.6％），但在需要延长机械通气时间（> 16天）的气管切开术患者中更容易发生。口服和鼻胃喂养相结合或使用营养密集型喂养最常与过度喂养有关。讨论本研究中营养摄入的总体充足性与其他地方报道的相似。但是，过度喂养的发生率比预期的要大，并且发生在已经经历了机械通气延迟断奶的患者中。

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