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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of human nutrition and dietetics >A review of community based healthy eating interventions.
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A review of community based healthy eating interventions.

机译：基于社区的健康饮食干预措施的综述。

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Background: Across the world the burden of diet related chronic disease is increasing rapidly (World Health Organization, 2003). Several global, European and national strategies acknowledge the issue and set targets for change but limited work has been carried out into the effectiveness of interventions to change the dietary behaviour of individuals. The aim of this study was to review the effect of community based healthy eating interventions on dietary behaviour within the general population. Methods: A literature review using a systematic approach was carried out using the electronic databases CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed and Medline with the search terms 'nutrition', 'healthy eating', 'community interventions', and 'evaluation'. The search was limited to primary research studies, published in English from 1996 to March 2006, conducted in westernised countries and reporting outcome indicators related to obesity and coronary heart disease. Studies focusing on older people, pre-school children pregnant or breastfeeding women were excluded. In order to assess the methodological quality of the studies included in the review, an assessment tool was developed based on similar tools used in other reviews (Ammerman et al.,2002; Pomerleau et al., 2005). Results: Thirty-one studies were retrieved and reviewed. These included 17 randomised controlled trials, 10 intervention studies and four evaluation studies. The mean methodological quality score was 58 (maximum possible score 100). In total there were six adult studies (three targeting adults living on a low income) five family studies (three targeting Black and Minority Ethnic groups), 15 children and adolescent studies (six targeting Black and Minority Ethnic groups) and five public policy development and evaluation studies. High intensity, multi-faceted interventions had a greater effect on positive dietary changes than lower intensity interventions although innovative interventions using the Internet, videos, the media and supermarkets were a success. Discussion:The implications of this review for practice are varied and must be considered alongside government policy for improving health. The review has found that high intensity, multi faceted interventions are the most effective in promoting dietary change but without an increase in current resource for such interventions, low-cost, low intensity interventions are more readily available. Conclusions: Community based healthy eating interventions were effective in changing dietary behaviour in the general population. The small number of studies retrieved and the methodological problems highlighted indicate that further, more robust research is needed to inform public health policy and practice in the future. References Ammerman, A.S., Lindquist, C.H., Lohr, K.N. & Hersey, J. (2002) The efficacy of behavioral interventions to modify dietary fat and fruit and vegetable intake: a review of the evidence. Prev. Med. 35, 25-41. Pomerleau, J., Lock, K., Knai, C. & McKee, M. (2005) Interventions designed to increase adult fruit and vegetable intake can be effective: a systematic review of the literature. J. Nutr. 135, 2486-2495. World Health Organization. (2003) Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Disease. World Health Organization, Technical Report Series 916.
机译：背景：在全世界，与饮食有关的慢性疾病的负担正在迅速增加（世界卫生组织，2003年）。几项全球，欧洲和国家战略都承认了这一问题并设定了改变目标，但是在改变个人饮食行为的干预措施有效性方面所做的工作有限。这项研究的目的是回顾以社区为基础的健康饮食干预对普通人群饮食行为的影响。方法：使用电子数据库CINAHL，EMBASE，PubMed和Medline使用系统化方法进行文献综述，搜索词为“营养”，“健康饮食”，“社区干预”和“评估”。搜索仅限于在西方国家于1996年至2006年3月以英文发表的基础研究，该研究报告了与肥胖症和冠心病有关的结果指标。排除了针对老年人，学龄前儿童孕妇或哺乳期妇女的研究。为了评估该评价中所包括研究的方法学质量，在其他评价中使用的类似工具的基础上开发了一种评估工具（Ammerman等，2002; Pomerleau等，2005）。结果：共检索和审查了31项研究。其中包括17项随机对照试验，10项干预研究和4项评估研究。方法学平均质量得分为58（最高可能得分为100）。总共有六项成人研究（三项针对低收入成年人），五项家庭研究（三项针对黑人和少数族裔群体），15项儿童和青少年研究（六项针对黑人和少数族裔群体）以及五项公共政策制定和评估研究。尽管采用互联网，视频，媒体和超级市场的​​创新干预措施是成功的，但高强度，多方面的干预措施对饮食的积极变化的影响要大于强度较低的干预措施。讨论：这次审查对实践的影响是多种多样的，必须与政府改善健康的政策一起考虑。审查发现，高强度，多方面的干预措施对促进饮食变化最有效，但在不增加此类干预措施的现有资源的情况下，更容易获得低成本，低强度的干预措施。结论：基于社区的健康饮食干预措施可有效改变普通人群的饮食行为。检索到的少量研究和突出的方法学问题表明，未来需要进行更强大的研究以为公共卫生政策和实践提供信息。参考文献Ammerman，A.S.，Lindquist，C.H.，Lohr，K.N. ＆Hersey，J.（2002）行为干预改变饮食中的脂肪以及水果和蔬菜摄入的功效：证据综述。上一个中35，25-41。 Pomerleau，J.，Lock，K.，Knai，C.＆McKee，M.（2005）旨在增加成年水果和蔬菜摄入量的干预措施可能是有效的：对文献的系统回顾。 J.食品135，2486-2495。世界卫生组织。 （2003）饮食，营养和慢性病的预防。世界卫生组织，技术报告丛刊916。

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