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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Hydrology >Modeling the impacts of integrated small watershed management on soil erosion and sediment delivery: A case study in the Three Gorges Area, China
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Modeling the impacts of integrated small watershed management on soil erosion and sediment delivery: A case study in the Three Gorges Area, China

机译：模拟小流域综合治理对土壤侵蚀和泥沙输送的影响：以中国三峡地区为例

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摘要

Soil erosion poses a serious problem for sustainable agriculture and the environment. Owing to long-term anthropic pressure including overuse and inappropriate development, soil erosion has become a serious issue in the Three Gorges Area (TGA), China. Recently, integrated small watershed management (ISWM) for soil conservation in the TGA was rapidly developed. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of ISWM on soil erosion and sediment delivery in the Wangjiaqiao watershed in the TGA. The WATEM/SEDEM distributed erosion and sediment transport model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the ISWM project. The model was calibrated against long-term measured suspended sediments at the watershed outlet. Land use and conservation measures were mapped and analyzed for 1995 and 2005, paying particular attention to quantification of changes in soil erosion and sediment delivery due to ISWM. The results showed that a combination of decreased soil loss (from 18.5tha ~(-1)y ~(-1) in 1995 to 13.2tha ~(-1)y ~(-1) in 2005) and increased sediment deposition (from 7.7 to 12.4tha ~(-1)y ~(-1)) has led to a strong decrease in sediment yield (from 8.4 to 3.9tha ~(-1)y ~(-1)) and the sediment delivery ratio (from 0.454 to 0.295). The results of scenario analysis showed that soil conservation measures taken in fields effectively reduce on-site soil loss and sediment yield. However, off-site sediment control measures appear to be much less effective at reducing sediment yield. This diachronic comparison of soil erosion and sediment delivery revealed that ISWM is quite effective and efficient; therefore, it is the appropriate method to combat soil erosion in the TGA and similar areas.
机译：水土流失给可持续农业和环境带来了严重问题。由于长期的人类压力，包括过度使用和不适当的开发，水土流失已成为中国三峡地区（TGA）的一个严重问题。最近，在TGA中用于土壤保护的综合小流域管理（ISWM）迅速发展。本研究旨在研究ISWM对TGA王家桥流域水土流失和泥沙输送的影响。 WATEM / SEDEM分布式侵蚀和泥沙输送模型用于评估ISWM项目的有效性。针对流域出口处的长期测得的悬浮沉积物对模型进行了校准。对1995年和2005年的土地利用和保护措施进行了制图和分析，特别注意量化由于ISWM造成的土壤侵蚀和沉积物输送的变化。结果表明，减少的土壤流失（从1995年的18.5tha〜（-1）y〜（-1）到2005年的13.2tha〜（-1）y〜（-1））和增加的泥沙淤积（来自7.7至12.4tha〜（-1）y〜（-1））导致泥沙产量（从8.4thatha（（-1）y〜（-1））和沉积物输送比（从0.454至0.295）。情景分析的结果表明，田间采取的水土保持措施有效地减少了现场的水土流失和沉积物产量。然而，场外沉积物控制措施似乎在降低沉积物产量方面效果不佳。对土壤侵蚀和沉积物输送的历时比较表明，ISWM非常有效。因此，这是在TGA和类似地区抵抗土壤侵蚀的适当方法。

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