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On the identification of representative in situ soil moisture monitoring stations for the validation of SMAP soil moisture products in Australia

机译：关于确定代表性的原位土壤水分监测站以验证澳大利亚的SMAP土壤水分产品

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摘要

The high spatio-temporal variability of soil moisture complicates the validation of remotely sensed soil moisture products using in situ monitoring stations. Therefore, a standard methodology for selecting the most representative stations for the purpose of validating satellites and land surface models is essential. Based on temporal stability and geostatistical studies using long-term soil moisture records, intensive ground measurements and airborne soil moisture products, this study investigates the representativeness of soil moisture monitoring stations within the Yanco study area for the validation of NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) products at 3 km for radar, 9 km for radar radiometer and 36 km for radiometer pixels. This resulted in the identification of a number of representative stations according to the different scales. Although the temporal stability method was found to be suitable for identifying representative stations, stations based on the mean relative difference (MRD) were not necessarily the most representative of the areal average. Moreover, those identified from standard deviation of the relative difference (SDRD) may be dry-biased. It was also found that in the presence of heterogeneous land use, stations should be weighted based on proportions of agricultural land. Airborne soil moisture products were also shown to provide useful a priori information for identifying representative locations. Finally, recommendations are made regarding the design of future networks for satellite validation, and specifically the most representative stations for the Yanco area. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：土壤水分的高时空变化使使用原位监测站对遥感土壤水分产品的验证变得复杂。因此，为验证卫星和地面模型而选择最具代表性的电台的标准方法至关重要。基于长期土壤湿度记录，密集地面测量和空气传播的土壤水分产品的时间稳定性和地统计学研究，本研究调查了Yanco研究区内土壤水分监测站的代表性，以验证NASA的土壤主动水分（SMAP） ）产品的雷达距离为3公里，雷达辐射计为9公里，辐射计像素为36公里。这导致根据不同规模确定了许多代表站。尽管发现时间稳定性方法适合于识别代表性站点，但是基于平均相对差（MRD）的站点不一定是面积平均值的最具代表性。此外，从相对差的标准偏差（SDRD）识别出的结果可能会出现干偏。还发现在存在土地异类的情况下，应根据农业用地的比例对车站进行加权。空气中的土壤水分产品也被证明可以提供有用的先验信息，以识别代表性位置。最后，就未来的卫星验证网络的设计提出了建议，尤其是Yanco地区最具代表性的电台。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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