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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >The Impact of Temperature on the Bionomics of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti, With Special Reference to the Cool Geographic Range Margins
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The Impact of Temperature on the Bionomics of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti, With Special Reference to the Cool Geographic Range Margins

机译：温度对埃及伊蚊（Stegomyia）aegypti生物学特性的影响，特别是参考凉爽的地理范围裕度

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摘要

The mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.), which occurs widely in the subtropics and tropics, is the primary urban vector of dengue and yellow fever viruses, and an important vector of chikungunya virus. There is substantial interest in how climatechange may impact the bionomics and pathogen transmission potential of this mosquito. This Forum article focuses specifically on the effects of temperature on the bionomics of Ae. aegypti, with special emphasis on the cool geographic range margins wherefuture rising temperatures could facilitate population growth. Key aims are to: 1) broadly define intra-annual (seasonal) patterns of occurrence and abundance of Ae. aegypti, and their relation to climate conditions; 2) synthesize the existing quantitative knowledge of how temperature impacts the bionomics of different life stages of Ae. aegypti; 3) better define the temperature ranges for which existing population dynamics models for Ae. aegypti are likely to produce robust predictions; 4) explore potential impacts of climate warming on human risk for exposure to Ae. aegypti at its cool range margins; and 5) identify knowledge or data gaps that hinder our ability to predict risk of human exposure to Ae. aegypti at the cool margins of its geographic range now and in the future. We first outline basic scenarios for intra-annual occurrence and abundance patterns for Ae. aegypti, and then show that these scenarios segregate with regard to climate conditions in selected cities where they occur. We then review how near-constant and intentionally fluctuating temperatures impact development times and survival of eggs and immatures. A subset of data, generated in controlled experimental studies, from the published literature is used to plot development rates and survival of eggs, larvae, and pupae in relation to water temperature. The general shape of the relationship between water temperature and development rate is similar for eggs, larvae, and pupae. Once the lower developmental zero temperature (10-14°C) is exceeded, there is a near-linear relationship up to 30°C. Above this temperature, the development rate is relatively stable or even decreases slightly before falling dramatically near the upper developmental zero temperature, which occurs at ~38- 42°C. Based on life stage-specific linear relationships between water temperature and development rate in the 15-28°C range, the lower developmental zero temperature is estimated to be 14.0°C for eggs, 11.8°C for larvae, and 10.3°C for pupae. We further conclude that available population dynamics models for Ae. aegypti, such as CIMSiM and Skeeter Buster, likely produce robust predictions based on water temperatures in the 16-35°C range, which includes the geographic areas where Ae. aegypti and its associated pathogens present the greatest threat to human health, but that they may be less reliable in cool range margins where water temperatures regularly fall below 15°C. Finally, we identify knowledge or data gaps that hinder our ability to predict risk of human exposure to Ae. aegypti at the cool margins of its range, now and in the future, based on impacts on mosquito population dynamics of temperature and other important factors, such as water nutrient content, larval density, presence of biological competitors, and human behavior.
机译：埃及伊蚊（Stegomyia）aegypti（L.）在亚热带和热带地区广泛存在，是登革热和黄热病病毒的主要城市媒介，也是基孔肯雅病毒的重要媒介。人们非常关注气候变化如何影响这种蚊子的生物学特性和病原体传播潜力。该论坛文章专门针对温度对Ae的生物学特性的影响。埃及，特别强调凉爽的地理范围边缘，未来的气温升高可以促进人口增长。主要目标是：1）广泛定义Ae的年内（季节）发生和丰度模式。埃及及其与气候条件的关系; 2）综合有关温度如何影响Ae不同生命阶段的生物组学的现有定量知识。埃及3）更好地定义现有Ae人口动力学模型的温度范围。埃及有可能产生可靠的预测; 4）探索气候变暖对人类暴露于Ae的风险的潜在影响。 aegypti处于冷距范围; 5）找出阻碍我们预测人类暴露于Ae风险的能力的知识或数据空白。埃及现在和将来都处于其地理范围的边缘。我们首先概述Ae的年内发生和丰度模式的基本方案。 aegypti，然后显示这些情景在选定发生城市的气候条件上是分离的。然后，我们回顾近乎恒定且故意波动的温度如何影响卵和未成熟卵的发育时间以及存活率。在受控实验研究中，从已公开的文献中产生的数据子集用于绘制卵子，幼虫和p的发育速度以及与水温有关的存活率。卵，幼虫和p的水温与发育速度之间关系的一般形状相似。一旦超过了较低的零显影温度（10-14°C），则高达30°C时存在接近线性的关系。在此温度以上，显影速率相对稳定，甚至略有下降，然后显着下降至较高的显影零温度（约38-42°C）。根据水温与15-28°C范围内发育速率之间特定于生命阶段的线性关系，较低的发育零温度估计为鸡蛋14.0°C，幼虫11.8°C和p 10.3°C。 。我们进一步得出结论，可以使用Ae的种群动态模型。 Aegypti（例如CIMSiM和Skeeter Buster）可能会基于16-35°C的水温（包括Ae所在的地理区域）产生可靠的预测。埃及and及其相关病原体对人类健康构成最大威胁，但在水温经常低于15°C的凉爽范围边缘，它们可能不那么可靠。最后，我们确定阻碍我们预测人类暴露于Ae风险的能力的知识或数据缺口。根据对温度和其他重要因素（例如水养分含量，幼虫密度，生物竞争者的存在和人类行为）对蚊子种群动态的影响，埃及现在和将来都处于其凉爽的边缘。

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