There is always a lot of discussion about effective pedagogical practices in mathematics. While we might vary in our views about the detail, those of us based in western countries are generally agreed on approaches that emphasize student centeredness and inclusiveness. For example, we understand that effective teachers work hard at developing trusting classroom communities. We believe that, in turn, the relationships developed within that community become a resource for developing students' mathematical competencies and identities. Effective teachers have high yet realistic expectations about what their students can achieve. They ensure that the lesson content has a strong mathematical focus and contains opportunities for students to think, reason, communicate, reflect upon and critique mathematics.
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