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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: A Journal Devoted to Oxide, Halide, Chalcogenide and Metallic Glasses, Amorphous Semiconductors, Non-Crystalline Films, Glass-Ceramics and Glassy Composites >Stress-enhanced ion diffusion at the vicinity of a crack tip as evidenced by atomic force microscopy in silicate glasses
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Stress-enhanced ion diffusion at the vicinity of a crack tip as evidenced by atomic force microscopy in silicate glasses

机译：硅酸盐玻璃中的原子力显微镜证明，裂纹尖端附近的应力增强了的离子扩散

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摘要

The slow advance of a crack in soda-silicate glasses was studied at nanometer scale by in-situ and real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) in a well-controlled atmosphere. An enhanced diffusion of sodium ions in the stress-gradient field at the sub-micrometric vicinity of the crack tip was revealed through several effects: growth of nodules in AFM height images, changes in the AFM tip-sample energy dissipation. The nodules patterns revealed a dewetting phenomenon evidenced by 'breath figures'. Complementary chemical micro-analyses were done. These experimental results were explained by a two-step process: (i) a fast migration (typical time: few milliseconds) of sodium ions towards the fracture surfaces as proposed by Langford et al. [J. Mat. Res. 6 (1991) 1358] (ii) a slow backwards diffusion of the cations as evidenced in these AFM experiments (typical time: few minutes). Measurements of the diffusion coefficient of that relaxing process were done at room temperature. Our results strengthen the theoretical concept of a near-surface structural relaxation due to the stress-gradient at the vicinity of the crack tip. The inhomogeneous migration of sodium ions might be a direct experimental evidence of the presence of sodium-rich channels in the silicate structure [A. Meyer et al., Phys. Rev. Let. 93 (2004) 027801]. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：通过在良好控制的气氛中进行原位和实时原子力显微镜（AFM），研究了纳米级钠硅酸盐玻璃裂纹的缓慢发展。钠离子在裂纹尖端的亚微米级附近的应力梯度场中的扩散增强表现在以下几个方面：AFM高度图像中的结节生长，AFM尖端样品能量耗散的变化。结节型显示出“呼吸数字”所证明的去湿现象。进行了补充化学微观分析。这些实验结果可以通过两步过程来解释：（i）如Langford等人所提出的，钠离子向裂缝表面的快速迁移（典型时间：几毫秒）。 [J.垫。 Res。 [6]（1991）1358]（ii）阳离子的缓慢向后扩散，如这些AFM实验所证明的（典型时间：几分钟）。该松弛过程的扩散系数的测量在室温下进行。由于裂纹尖端附近的应力梯度，我们的结果加强了近表面结构松弛的理论概念。钠离子的不均匀迁移可能是硅酸盐结构中存在富钠通道的直接实验证据[A. Meyer等，Phys。牧师93（2004）027801]。 （c）2006 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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