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Gas-liquid flowing process in a horizontal well with premature liquid loading

机译：水平井中过早加载液体的气液流动过程

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Horizontal wells are widely utilized as an important technique to improve the individual well producing rate. However, the actual production performance characteristics of a horizontal well in a reservoir demonstrate that the deliverability of several horizontal gas wells has not been developed effectively because of liquid loading. Understanding of this issue is confined to the production performance characteristics of the horizontal well because of the lack of techniques for the study of the liquid removal mechanism. To address this problem, an experimental device for the liquid removal mechanism of a visual-simulation horizontal well was established. Compared with the conventional conduit flow experimental device, the experimental device established in this study not only comprehensively considers the effect of the horizontal, bend, and vertical sections of the well but can also carry out the simulation under the conditions of different trajectories and intake locations. Through an in-depth analysis of the experimental phenomenon, two parameters, namely, water lock effect and reasonable velocity of liquid removal, were introduced to represent the liquid removal mechanism of the horizontal well under different conditions. Results indicate that the liquid lifting capability of the horizontal well is restricted by the producing energy. For a low-permeability sand reservoir with high water saturation, using a horizontal well with down-dip trajectory and opening the entire formation close to the toe are propitious for the removal of liquid in the horizontal well. These experimental results support the theory on trajectory optimization, opening the middle layer position optimization, reasonable proration, and improving the liquid removal result of the horizontal well in low-permeability sand gas reservoirs with high water saturation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：水平井被广泛用作提高单井产量的重要技术。然而，储层中水平井的实际生产性能特征表明，由于液体负荷，尚未有效开发几个水平气井的产能。由于缺乏研究除液机理的技术，对这一问题的理解仅限于水平井的生产性能特征。为了解决该问题，建立了用于视觉模拟水平井的除液机构的实验装置。与传统的导管流动实验装置相比，本研究建立的实验装置不仅全面考虑了井眼水平，弯曲和垂直截面的影响，而且还可以在不同轨迹和进气位置的条件下进行模拟。 。通过对实验现象的深入分析，介绍了锁水效果和合理的排液速度两个参数，分别代表了水平井在不同条件下的排液机理。结果表明，水平井的提液能力受到生产能量的限制。对于具有高含水饱和度的低渗透性砂岩储层，使用具有下倾轨迹的水平井并在靠近脚趾处打开整个地层有利于去除水平井中的液体。这些实验结果支持了在高含水率低渗砂岩气藏中轨迹优化，中层位置优化，合理配比，提高水平井除液效果的理论。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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