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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Implications of positive feedback in the control of movement.
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Implications of positive feedback in the control of movement.

机译：正反馈对运动控制的影响。

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In this paper we review some theoretical aspects of positive feedback in the control of movement. The focus is mainly on new theories regarding the reflexive role of sensory signals from mammalian tendon organ afferents. In static postures these afferents generally mediate negative force feedback. But in locomotion there is evidence of a switch to positive force feedback action. Positive feedback is often associated with instability and oscillation, neither of which occur in normal locomotion. We address this paradox with the use of analytic models of the neuromuscular control system. It is shown that positive force feedback contributes to load compensation and is surprisingly stable because the length-tension properties of mammalian muscle provide automatic gain control. This mechanism can stabilize control even when positive feedback is very strong. The models also show how positive force feedback is stabilized by concomitant negative displacement feedback and, unexpectedly, by delays in the positivefeedback pathway. Other examples of positive feedback in animal motor control systems are discussed, including the beta-fusimotor system, which mediates positive feedback of displacement. In general it is seen that positive feedback reduces the sensitivity of the controlled extremities to perturbations of posture and load. We conclude that positive force feedback can provide stable and effective load compensation that complements the action of negative displacement and velocity feedback.
机译：在本文中，我们回顾了运动控制中正反馈的一些理论方面。重点主要放在有关来自哺乳动物肌腱器官传入的感觉信号的反射作用的新理论上。在静止姿势下，这些传入物体通常会介导负力反馈。但是在运动中，有迹象表明转向正向力反馈动作。正反馈通常与不稳定性和振荡相关，在正常运动中均不会发生。我们通过使用神经肌肉控制系统的分析模型来解决这一悖论。结果表明，正力反馈有助于负载补偿，并且出人意料地稳定，因为哺乳动物肌肉的长度-张力特性提供了自动增益控制。即使正反馈非常强，该机制也可以稳定控制。该模型还显示了如何通过伴随的负位移反馈以及意外地通过正反馈路径的延迟来稳定正力反馈。讨论了动物运动控制系统中正反馈的其他示例，包括介导位移正反馈的β融合运动系统。通常可以看到，正反馈会降低受控肢体对姿势和负荷扰动的敏感性。我们得出的结论是，正向力反馈可以提供稳定而有效的负载补偿，从而补充负向位移和速度反馈的作用。

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