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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neuroscience Methods >The forced walking test: a novel test for pinpointing the anesthetic-induced transition in consciousness in mouse.
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The forced walking test: a novel test for pinpointing the anesthetic-induced transition in consciousness in mouse.

机译：强迫步行测试：一种新颖的测试，用于精确定位麻醉剂引起的小鼠意识转变。

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In consciousness or anesthesia studies, pinpointing the precise moment of consciousness or anesthetic transition has been challenging because of the variable lag time between a treatment and its induced response. Here, we describe a novel behavioral method, a forced walking test, which pinpoints the moment of the anesthetic-induced loss of motion (LOM) without handling the animals manually. The mouse is forced to walk on a treadmill, and an anesthetic drug is administered into the peritoneum via a previously secured injection route. The physical activity and the angle of head posture are tracked using a motion sensor preinstalled on the animal's head. The moments of LOM and recovery of motion (ROM) are identified from the physical activity parameters obtained by the sensor. Comparison of our method with the conventional loss-of-righting-reflex assay showed that the time point of LOM was not significantly different between the two methods when examined with two different types of anesthetic agents, propofol and ketamine/xylazine cocktail. In addition, the electrophysiological signals simultaneously acquired in the cortex and the thalamus of the mouse during the forced walking test showed that the brain rhythms induced by ketamine/xylazine anesthesia were generated and terminated in a time-locked manner with respect to LOM and ROM, respectively. In conclusion, the forced walking test allows an objective and precise detection of anesthetic-induced LOM, as well as ROM during awakening from anesthesia, in test animals.
机译：在意识或麻醉研究中，由于治疗与诱导反应之间的滞后时间可变，因此精确地确定意识或麻醉过渡的确切时间一直是一项挑战。在这里，我们描述了一种新颖的行为方法，即强制步行测试，无需手动操作动物即可精确定位麻醉药引起的运动丧失（LOM）的时刻。迫使小鼠在跑步机上行走，并通过先前固定的注射途径将麻醉药注入腹膜。使用预先安装在动物头部上的运动传感器跟踪身体活动和头部姿势角度。从传感器获得的身体活动参数中识别出LOM和运动恢复（ROM）的时刻。我们的方法与常规的失正反射率测定方法的比较表明，当用两种不同类型的麻醉剂丙泊酚和氯胺酮/甲苯噻嗪混合物检查时，两种方法之间LOM的时间点没有显着差异。此外，在强迫步行测试期间，在老鼠的皮质和丘脑中同时获取的电生理信号表明，氯胺酮/甲苯噻嗪麻醉引起的脑节律是相对于LOM和ROM呈时间锁定地产生和终止的，分别。总之，强迫步行测试可以客观，精确地检测麻醉动物从麻醉中唤醒时麻醉诱导的LOM以及ROM。

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