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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neuroscience Methods >Cutaneous and electrically evoked glutamate signaling in the adult rat somatosensory system
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Cutaneous and electrically evoked glutamate signaling in the adult rat somatosensory system

机译：成年大鼠体感系统中的皮肤和电子诱发的谷氨酸信号

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摘要

Glutamate neurotransmission plays critical roles in normal central nervous system (CNS) function, neurodegenerative diseases, and neurotrauma. We determined whether glutamate signaling could be evoked within the anesthetized normal adult rat CNS with clinically relevant peripheral stimulation and recorded (at >1. Hz) with glutamate-sensitive, ceramic microelectrode arrays (MEAs). Basal glutamate levels and both forelimb cutaneous and electrical stimulation-evoked glutamate release were measured within the cuneate nucleus, a relay of the mammalian dorsal columns somatosensory system. The MEAs with triangular, sharp-point tips were more effective at tissue penetration than the flat, blunt tips. Basal glutamate levels of 2.1 ± 4.4 μM (mean ± SD, n= 10 animals) were detected from 150 μm to 1200 μm below the brainstem dorsal surface. Cutaneous evoked glutamate signals showed an amplitude of 1.1 ± 1.1 μM and a duration of 7.3 ± 6.5. s (26 signals, n= 6). Electrically evoked signals, like cutaneous ones, were both rapid and slowly rising. Electrically evoked signals, especially those evoked by stimulation trains, were more reproducible and had an amplitude of 1.2 ± 1.4 μM, duration of 19.4 ± 17.3. s, and latency from stimulus onset of 21.3 ± 21.5. s (25 signals, n= 4). In contrast to cutaneous stimulation, glutamate signals evoked by electrical stimulation had longer durations and were recorded primarily in the middle and ventral cuneate nuclei. Importantly, both cutaneous and electrical stimulation of the contralateral forelimb and hindlimbs did not evoke glutamate signaling. With the use of MEAs, these results show, for the first time, somatosensory-pathway specific changes in glutamate levels during peripheral cutaneous and electrical stimulation.
机译：谷氨酸的神经传递在正常的中枢神经系统（CNS）功能，神经退行性疾病和神经创伤中起关键作用。我们确定了是否可以在麻醉的正常成年大鼠CNS中通过临床相关的外周刺激诱发谷氨酸信号，并用谷氨酸敏感的陶瓷微电极阵列（MEA）记录（> 1. Hz）。在楔形核内测量基础谷氨酸水平以及前肢皮肤和电刺激诱发的谷氨酸释放，楔形核是哺乳动物背柱体感系统的中继。带有三角形，尖锐尖端的MEA比扁平，钝头更能有效地穿透组织。在脑干背侧表面下方150μm至1200μm处检测到了2.1±4.4μM的基础谷氨酸水平（平均±SD，n = 10只动物）。皮肤诱发的谷氨酸信号显示振幅为1.1±1.1μM，持续时间为7.3±6.5。 s（26个信号，n = 6）。像皮肤信号一样，电诱发信号既快速又缓慢上升。电诱发的信号，尤其是刺激序列诱发的信号，具有更高的可重现性，幅度为1.2±1.4μM，持续时间为19.4±17.3。 s，刺激开始的潜伏期为21.3±21.5。 s（25个信号，n = 4）。与皮肤刺激相反，电刺激诱发的谷氨酸信号的持续时间更长，并且主要记录在楔形的中间和腹侧核中。重要的是，对侧前肢和后肢的皮肤和电刺激均未引起谷氨酸信号。通过使用多边环境协定，这些结果首次显示了在外围皮肤和电刺激过程中谷氨酸水平的体感途径特异性变化。

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