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Effects of the National School Lunch Program on Bone Growth in Japanese Elementary School Children

机译：国家学校午餐计划对日本小学生骨骼生长的影响

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The Japanese school lunch program with milk was designed to supply 33-50% of the necessary nutrients per day and 50% of the recommended dietary allowance for calcium, which is difficult to obtain from Japanese meals. Although this program contributes to the mental and physical development of children, the effect of these meals on the bone growth in children remains unknown. Therefore, we compared the effect of school lunch with milk on bone growth between elementary school children attending schools that did not enforce the school lunch with milk program (box-lunch group) and those attending schools that did enforce the program (school-lunch group). The study subjects included fourth-grade children during the 2009-2013 school years, of whom 329 children were in the school-lunch group and 484 children in the box-lunch group. The bone area ratio of the right calcaneus was evaluated using quantitative ultrasound (Benus III). Dietary intakes were assessed using brief self-administered diet history questionnaires. The subjects were asked to record their activities for 3 d so that the mean physical activity intensity and the time spent sleeping could be estimated. The bone area ratios (%) were significantly higher in the school-lunch group than in the box-lunch group (males 31.0 +/- 0.3 vs. 30.3 +/- 0.2; females 30.6 +/- 0.2 vs. 29.7 +/- 0.2). This tendency did not change even after adjustment for confounding factors associated with bone growth. The results suggest that nutrients supplied by the Japanese school lunch program contributed to increased bone growth in elementary school children.
机译：日本学校用牛奶午餐计划旨在每天提供33-50％的必需营养素和50％的建议饮食钙摄入量，而这是很难从日餐中获得的。尽管该计划有助于儿童的身心发展，但这些餐食对儿童骨骼生长的影响仍然未知。因此，我们比较了在没有实施含牛奶午餐计划的小学生（盒装午餐组）和参加了实施该计划的学校的小学生（午餐盒）之间，学校午餐加牛奶对骨骼生长的影响。 ）。研究对象包括2009-2013学年的四年级儿童，其中329名儿童在午餐盒中，484名儿童在午餐盒中。使用定量超声（Benus III）评估右跟骨的骨面积比。使用简短的自我饮食史调查表评估饮食摄入量。要求受试者记录他们的活动3天，以便可以估计平均体力活动强度和睡眠时间。学校午餐组的骨骼面积比率（％）明显高于盒式午餐组（男性31.0 +/- 0.3对30.3 +/- 0.2;女性30.6 +/- 0.2对29.7 +/- 0.2）。即使在调整了与骨骼生长相关的混杂因素之后，这种趋势也没有改变。结果表明，日本学校午餐计划提供的营养物质促进了小学生骨骼的增长。

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