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Impulsivity in the general population: A national study

机译：普通人群的冲动性：一项全国性研究

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Objective: The construct of impulsivity is an important determinant of personality differences, psychiatric disorders, and associated risk-taking behaviors. Most existing knowledge about impulsivity comes from clinical samples. To date, no study has estimated the prevalence of impulsivity and examined its correlates in the general population. Method: We analyzed data from a large national sample of the United States population. Face-to-face surveys of 34 653 adults aged 18 years and older residing in households were conducted during the 2004-2005 period. Diagnoses of mood, anxiety, and drug disorders as well as personality disorders were based on the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-IV Version. Results: Impulsivity was common (17% of the sample), particularly among males and younger individuals, and associated with a broad range of axis I and II disorders, particularly drug dependence, cluster B, dependent and schizotypal personality disorders, bipolar disorder and ADHD. It was associated with behavioral disinhibition, attention deficits, and lack of planning. Individuals with impulsivity were more likely to engage in behaviors that could be dangerous to themselves or others, including driving recklessly, starting fights, shoplifting, perpetrating domestic violence and trying to hurt or kill themselves. They were exposed to higher risk of lifetime trauma and to substantial physical and psychosocial impairment. Conclusion: Given the association of impulsivity with psychiatric disorders and multiple adverse events, there is a need to target impulsivity in prevention and treatment efforts.
机译：目的：冲动性是人格差异，精神疾病和相关冒险行为的重要决定因素。关于冲动的大多数现有知识来自临床样本。迄今为止，尚无研究估算冲动的发生率并检查其在一般人群中的相关性。方法：我们分析了来自美国人口的大量国家样本的数据。在2004年至2005年期间，对居住在家庭中的34653名18岁及以上的成年人进行了面对面的调查。对情绪，焦虑和药物障碍以及人格障碍的诊断均基于《酒精使用障碍和相关障碍者面试时间表-DSM-IV版本》。结果：冲动是常见的（占样本的17％），尤其是在男性和年轻个体中，并且与广泛的I型和II型轴疾病相关，尤其是药物依赖性，B群，依赖性和精神分裂型人格障碍，双相情感障碍和ADHD 。它与行为抑制，注意力缺陷和缺乏计划有关。冲动的人更有可能从事可能对自己或他人构成危险的行为，包括鲁driving驾驶，打架，入店行窃，实施家庭暴力以及试图伤害或杀死自己。他们面临一生一生创伤和重大身心心理损害的更高风险。结论：鉴于冲动性与精神障碍和多种不良事件的关系，需要在预防和治疗工作中以冲动性为目标。

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