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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of plant nutrition and soil science >Cadmium fractions in an acid sandy soil and Cd in soil solution as affected by plant growth
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Cadmium fractions in an acid sandy soil and Cd in soil solution as affected by plant growth

机译：受植物生长影响的酸性沙质土壤中的镉分数和土壤溶液中的镉

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摘要

In a previous experiment, plants were able to immobilize or solubilize Cadmium (Cd) in a sandy acid soil enriched with 40 lmol Cd kg~(-1), because Cd solution concentration was decreased by maize (Zea mays) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus), and increased by flax (Linum usitatissimum L. ssp. usitatissimum) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea). It is assumed that the equilibrium with Cd fractions in the soil solid phase and the chemical form of Cd in the soil solution were affected. In the present study, the effect of the four plant species mentioned above on Cd binding in soil was investigated by means of a fractionation of soil Cd with a sequential extraction of seven steps. The seven fractions of Cd are operationally defined by the extraction sequence that follows the order of increasing acidity with extractants of different complexing and redox properties. In the unplanted soil, Cd was predominantly present in the exchangeable Fraction I (F. I) and easily mobilizable Fraction II (F. II) (64%). Significant concentrations of Cd were found in F. III (occluded in Mn oxides; 22%) and F. IV (organically bound; 10%). Fractions V (occluded in poorly crystalline Fe oxides), F. VI (occluded in well crystallized Fe oxides), and F. VII (residual fraction) amounted to less than 5% of the total soil Cd concentration. The plants changed the binding of Cd in soil in a different manner. All plants decreased F. I, but F. II was increased by maize and spinach, decreased by flax or remained unaffected by sunflower. Fraction III was not affected by maize and flax, but decreased by sunflower and spinach, and F. IV was not affected by sunflower and spinach, but was increased by maize and flax. These changes of Cd fractions were not related to the changes the plants had caused in total Cd or Cd~(2+) concentration of the soil solution. These results show that plant species differ in how they affect Cd binding to the soil solid phase, but this effect is not related to how they affect Cd in soil solution. The mechanisms by which plants affect the relationship between the soil solid and liquid phase are still unclear.
机译：在先前的实验中，由于玉米（Zea mays）和向日葵（Helianthus annuus）降低了Cd溶液的浓度，植物能够在富含40 lmol Cd kg〜（-1）的沙质酸性土壤中固定或溶解镉（Cd）。 ），然后增加亚麻（Linum usitatissimum L. ssp。usitatissimum）和菠菜（Spinacia oleracea）。假设影响了土壤固相中Cd分数的平衡和土壤溶液中Cd的化学形态。在本研究中，通过分步萃取七个步骤对土壤Cd进行分级分离，研究了上述四种植物对Cd结合的影响。 Cd的七个馏分由萃取顺序可操作地定义，该顺序依循具有不同络合和氧化还原特性的萃取剂增加酸度的顺序。在未种植的土壤中，Cd主要存在于可交换的组分I（F. I）和易于动员的组分II（F. II）（64％）中。在F. III（含Mn氧化物; 22％）和F. IV（有机结合; 10％）中发现了高浓度的Cd。馏分V（包含在结晶度较弱的Fe氧化物中），F。VI（包含在结晶度较高的Fe氧化物中）和F. VII（残留分数）少于土壤Cd总浓度的5％。植物以不同的方式改变了土壤中镉的结合。所有植物均降低F. I，但玉米和菠菜提高F. II，亚麻降低或向日葵不受影响。第三部分不受玉米和亚麻的影响，但受葵花籽和菠菜的影响而降低，而第四部分不受向日葵和亚麻籽的影响，但受玉米和亚麻的影响而增加。 Cd含量的变化与植物引起的土壤溶液中Cd或Cd〜（2+）总浓度变化无关。这些结果表明，植物物种在影响Cd与土壤固相结合的方式上有所不同，但这种影响与它们对土壤溶液中Cd的影响无关。植物影响土壤固相与液相之间关系的机制仍不清楚。

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