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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of plant nutrition and soil science >Zinc exposure has differential effects on uptake and metabolism of sulfur and nitrogen in Chinese cabbage
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Zinc exposure has differential effects on uptake and metabolism of sulfur and nitrogen in Chinese cabbage

机译：锌暴露对白菜中硫和氮的吸收和代谢有不同的影响

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摘要

Zinc (Zn) is a plant nutrient; however, at elevated levels it rapidly becomes phytotoxic. In order to obtain insight into the physiological background of its toxicity, the impact of elevated Zn~(2+) concentrations (1 to 10 μM) in the root environment on physiological functioning of Chinese cabbage was studied. Exposure of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) to elevated Zn~(2+) concentrations (≥ 5 μM) in the root environment resulted in leaf chlorosis and decreased biomass production. The Zn concentrations of the root and shoot increased with the Zn~(2+) concentration up to 68-fold and 14-fold, respectively, at 10 μM compared to the control. The concentrations of the other mineral nutrients of the shoot were hardly affected by elevated Zn~(2+) exposure, although in the root both the Cu and Fe concentrations were increased at ≥ 5 μM, whereas the Mn concentration was decreased and the Ca concentration strongly decreased at 10 μM Zn~(2+). The uptake and metabolism of sulfur and nitrogen were differentially affected at ≥ 5 μM Zn~(2+). Zn~(2+) exposure resulted in an increase of sulfate uptake and the activity of the sulfate transporters in the root, and in enhanced total sulfur concentration of the shoot, which could be ascribed partially to an accumulation of sulfate. Moreover, Zn~(2+) exposure resulted in an up to 6.5-fold increase in watersoluble non-protein thiol (and cysteine) concentration of the root. However, nitrate uptake by the root and the nitrate and total nitrogen concentrations of the shoot were decreased upon Zn~(2+) exposure, demonstrating the absence of a mutual regulation of the uptake and metabolism of sulfur and nitrogen at toxic Zn levels. Evidently, elevated Zn~(2+) concentrations in the root environment did not only disturb the uptake, distribution and assimilation of sulfate, it also affected the uptake and metabolism of nitrate in Chinese cabbage.
机译：锌是一种植物营养素。但是，在升高的水平下，它会迅速变成植物毒性。为了深入了解其毒性的生理背景，研究了根环境中升高的Zn〜（2+）浓度（1至10μM）对大白菜生理功能的影响。大白菜（Brassica pekinensis）在根部环境中暴露于高浓度的Zn〜（2+）（≥5μM）会导致叶片萎黄和生物量减少。与对照相比，在10μM下，根和茎的Zn浓度随Zn〜（2+）浓度的增加分别增加至68倍和14倍。 Zn〜（2+）暴露量的增加几乎不会影响枝条中其他矿质养分的浓度，尽管根部的Cu和Fe浓度均在≥5μM时升高，而Mn浓度降低而Ca浓度降低Zn〜（2+）10μM时强烈降低。在≥5μMZn〜（2+）下，硫和氮的吸收和代谢受到不同的影响。 Zn〜（2+）的暴露导致根部硫酸盐的吸收增加和硫酸盐转运蛋白的活性增加，并且枝条中的总硫浓度增加，这可以部分归因于硫酸盐的积累。此外，Zn〜（2+）暴露导致根的水溶性非蛋白硫醇（和半胱氨酸）浓度增加多达6.5倍。然而，Zn〜（2+）暴露时，根部和枝条中硝酸盐和硝酸盐的吸收量以及总氮的浓度均降低，这表明在有毒的Zn水平上，硫和氮的吸收和代谢没有相互调节的关系。可见，根部环境中较高的Zn〜（2+）浓度不仅干扰了硫酸盐的吸收，分配和吸收，还影响了大白菜硝酸盐的吸收和代谢。

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