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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of public health management and practice: JPHMP >The effect of grade on compliance using nonpharmaceutical interventions to reduce influenza in an urban elementary school setting.
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The effect of grade on compliance using nonpharmaceutical interventions to reduce influenza in an urban elementary school setting.

机译：在城市小学环境中，使用非药物干预措施来降低成绩对依从性的影响。

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OBJECTIVES: The Pittsburgh Influenza Prevention Project (PIPP) has previously shown that school-aged children in grades K-5 can learn hygiene-based, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and persist in these behaviors over the duration of an influenza season. The purpose of this study was to determine whether age (as estimated by grade) plays any role in this ability. METHODS: The Pittsburgh Influenza Prevention Project is a prospective, controlled, randomized trial of the effectiveness of a suite of NPIs in 10 elementary schools. The project measured adoption of NPIs by students through surveys of intervention homeroom teachers before, during, and after the influenza season and control home-room teachers after influenza season. RESULTS: There were large, statistically significant improvements and persistence over time across all grade levels, in students' concern about influenza and their daily practice of NPIs that promote health behaviors-"wash or sanitize your hands often" and "cover your coughs and sneezes." Nonpharmaceutical interventions characterized as extinguishing unhealthy behaviors, such as "avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth" or "home is where you stay when you are sick," showed no reliable improvement. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides evidence that elementary school-aged children, across all grades, can understand and implement protective NPIs and maintain these activities throughout influenza season and beyond. Improvements were most prominent when teaching students to engage in health-promoting behaviors. Habitual behaviors (unconscious touching) and changing family behaviors (staying home) seem less susceptible to intervention. These results will be useful to public health policy makers and health care practitioners considering methods of infectious disease prevention in school-based settings.
机译：目标：匹兹堡预防流感项目（PIPP）先前显示，K-5年级的学龄儿童可以学习基于卫生的非药物干预措施（NPI），并在流感季节持续存在这些行为。这项研究的目的是确定年龄（按年级估算）是否在该功能中起任何作用。方法：匹兹堡流行性感冒预防项目是一项前瞻性，对照，随机试验，对一整套NPI在10所小学中的有效性进行了随机对照试验。该项目通过对流感季节之前，之中和之后干预家庭教师的调查以及流感季节之后控制家庭教师的调查，测量了学生对NPI的采用情况。结果：在各个年级，随着时间的推移，学生对流感及其日常NPI的使用都会产生重大的统计学显着改善和持久性，这些不良反应会促进健康行为-“经常洗手或消毒双手”以及“咳嗽和打喷嚏” 。”以消灭不健康行为为特征的非药物干预措施，例如“避免触摸眼睛，鼻子和嘴巴”或“生病时留在家里的住所”，没有得到可靠的改善。结论：该研究提供了证据，表明各个年级的小学学龄儿童都可以理解和实施保护性非营利机构，并在整个流感季节及以后维持这些活动。当教学生进行促进健康的行为时，进步最为明显。习惯行为（无意识的触摸）和变化的家庭行为（居家）似乎不太容易受到干预。这些结果对于考虑在学校环境中预防传染病的方法的公共卫生政策制定者和卫生保健从业者很有用。

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