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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Parasitology >GEOGRAPHIC GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF A MALARIA PARASITE, PLASMODIUM MEXICANUM, AND ITS LIZARD HOST, SCELOPORUS OCCIDENTALIS
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GEOGRAPHIC GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF A MALARIA PARASITE, PLASMODIUM MEXICANUM, AND ITS LIZARD HOST, SCELOPORUS OCCIDENTALIS

机译：疟疾寄生虫，墨西哥疟原虫及其蜥蜴寄主，尾骨螺的地理遗传分化

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Gene flow, and resulting degree of genetic differentiation among populations, will shape geographic genetic patterns and possibly local adaptation of parasites and their hosts. Some studies of Plasmodium falciparum in humans show substantial differentiation of the parasite in locations separated by only a few kilometers, a paradoxical finding for a parasite in a large, mobile host. We examined genetic differentiation of the malaria parasite Plasmodium mexicanum, and its lizard host, Sceloporus occidentalis, at 8 sites in northern California, with the use of variable microsatellite markers for both species. These lizards are small and highly territorial, so we expected local genetic differentiation of both parasite and lizard. Populations of P. mexicanum were found to be differentiated by analysis of 5 markers (F-st, values >0.05-0.10) over distances as short as 230-400 m, and greatly differentiated (F values >0.25) for sites separated by 10 km. In contrast, the lizard host had no, or very low, levels of differentiation for 3 markers, even for sites >40 km distant. Thus, gene flow for the lizard was great, but despite the mobility of the vertebrate host, the parasite was locally genetically distinct. This discrepancy could result if infected lizards move little, but their noninfected relatives were more mobile. Previous studies on the virulence of P. mexicanum for fence lizards support this hypothesis. However, changing prevalence of the parasite, without changes in density of the lizard, could also result in this pattern.
机译：基因流动以及由此导致的人群间遗传分化程度将影响地理遗传模式，并可能影响寄生虫及其寄主的局部适应。对人类恶性疟原虫的一些研究表明，在仅相距几公里的位置，该寄生虫会发生实质性分化，这对于大型移动宿主中的寄生虫来说是一个矛盾的发现。我们研究了疟原虫墨西哥疟原虫及其蜥蜴宿主Scoloporus occidentalis在北加利福尼亚的8个地点的遗传分化，并使用了可变的微卫星标记。这些蜥蜴很小且具有很高的地域性，因此我们期望寄生虫和蜥蜴的局部遗传分化。通过分析短至230-400 m距离上的5个标记（F-st，值> 0.05-0.10），可以鉴别出墨西哥对虾的种群，对于10个分开的位点，则进行了很大的区分（F值> 0.25）。公里相反，即使在距离> 40 km的地点，蜥蜴宿主也没有或仅有极低的3种标记物分化水平。因此，蜥蜴的基因流动很大，但是尽管有脊椎动物宿主的移动，但该寄生虫在局部遗传上却是不同的。如果感染的蜥蜴移动不大，则这种差异可能会导致，但其未感染的亲戚流动性更大。以前关于墨西哥对虾的毒性的研究支持了这一假说。但是，改变寄生虫的流行率而不改变蜥蜴的密度也可能导致这种模式。

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