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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics >Diet quality of Americans differs by age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, and education level.
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Diet quality of Americans differs by age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, and education level.

机译：美国人的饮食质量因年龄，性别，种族/民族，收入和教育水平而异。

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An index that assesses the multidimensional components of the diet across the lifecycle is useful in describing diet quality. The purpose of this study was to use the Healthy Eating Index-2005, a measure of diet quality in terms of conformance to the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, to describe the diet quality of Americans by varying sociodemographic characteristics in order to provide insight as to where diets need to improve. The Healthy Eating Index-2005 scores were estimated using 1 day of dietary intake data provided by participants in the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Mean daily intakes of foods and nutrients, expressed per 1000 kilocalories, were estimated using the population ratio method and compared with standards that reflect the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Participants included 3286 children (2 to 17 years), 3690 young and middle-aged adults (18 to 64 years), and 1296 older adults (65+ years). Results are reported as percentages of maximum scores and tested for significant differences (P <= 0.05) by age, sex, race/ethnicity, income and education levels. Children and older adults had better-quality diets than younger and middle-aged adults; women had better-quality diets than men; Hispanics had better-quality diets than blacks and whites; and diet quality of adults, but not children, generally improved with income level, except for sodium. The diets of Americans, regardless of socioeconomic status, are far from optimal. Problematic dietary patterns were found among all sociodemographic groups. Major improvements in the nutritional health of the American public can be made by improving eating patterns
机译：评估整个生命周期中饮食的多维成分的指数对于描述饮食质量很有用。这项研究的目的是使用2005年健康饮食指数（一项根据2005年《美国人饮食指南》进行饮食质量衡量），通过改变社会人口统计学特征来描述美国人的饮食质量，以便提供对需要改善饮食的地方。 2005年健康饮食指数评分是使用2003-2004年国家健康与营养检查调查参与者提供的1天饮食摄入数据估算的。使用人口比例法估算了每天平均食物和营养素的摄入量（以1000千卡表示），并与反映《 2005年美国人饮食指南》的标准进行了比较。参加者包括3286名儿童（2至17岁），3690名中青年（18至64岁）和1296名成年人（65岁以上）。结果报告为最高分数的百分比，并测试了年龄，性别，种族/民族，收入和教育水平的显着差异（P <= 0.05）。儿童和老年人的饮食质量比年轻和中年成年人更好;女人的饮食质量比男人好;西班牙裔美国人的饮食质量优于黑人和白人。除了钠以外，成年人（而非儿童）的饮食质量通常会随着收入水平而提高。不论社会经济状况如何，美国人的饮食都远非最佳。在所有社会人口学人群中发现了有问题的饮食模式。通过改善饮食习惯，可以大大改善美国公众的营养健康

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