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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry >Effects of methylphenidate on subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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Effects of methylphenidate on subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

机译：哌醋甲酯对注意缺陷/多动障碍亚型的影响。

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of methylphenidate on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtypes. METHOD: Nineteen ADHD/inattentive (ADHD/I) and 22 ADHD/combined (ADHD/C) 6- to 12-year-old children entered a 6-week, double-blind trial of placebo and methylphenidate in divided doses (0.94 +/- 0.02 mg/kg/day = 33.06 +/- 1.40 mg/day). ADHD children received a restricted arithmetic task without medication before the trial and after their noon dose on the last day of each phase. Thirty-four unmedicated controls were tested at comparable time points. Parents and teachers rated ADHD children before and after each phase of the trial; parents rated controls before the study. RESULTS: Controls had marginally better arithmetic performance than children with ADHD/C who outperformed ADHD/I children. Unmedicated children with ADHD exceeded controls in task-incompatible behaviors during restricted arithmetic. Under methylphenidate, both ADHD subtypes reached control levels of arithmetic performance and task-incompatible behavior. Before the trial, parents rated children with both ADHD subtypes higher than controls on inattention, hyperactivity, and oppositionality/aggression and parents and teachers rated ADHD/C children higher than ADHD/I children on hyperactivity and oppositionality/aggression but not inattention. Methylphenidate lowered parent and teacher ratings of inattention and hyperactivity for those with both ADHD subtypes, but ratings of children with ADHD/C decreased more in hyperactivity and aggression. CONCLUSIONS: Methylphenidate ameliorated task-incompatible behavior, arithmetic performance, and inattention comparably in both ADHD subtypes, whereas medication reduced hyperactivity and aggression largely in children with ADHD/C.
机译：目的：比较哌醋甲酯对注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）亚型的影响。方法：19名ADHD /注意力不集中（ADHD / I）和22名ADHD /合并（ADHD / C）的6至12岁儿童参加了为期6周的双剂安慰剂和哌醋甲酯双盲试验（0.94 + +/- 0.02 mg / kg /天= 33.06 +/- 1.40 mg /天）。多动症儿童在试验前和每个阶段的最后一天中午服用药后接受无药限制的算术任务。在可比较的时间点测试了34个非药物对照。在试验的每个阶段之前和之后，父母和老师对多动症儿童进行评估;父母在研究前对对照进行了评分。结果：与ADHD / C儿童相比，对照组的ADQ / C儿童的算术性能略好于ADHD / I儿童。在受限算术期间，患有ADHD的未接受药物治疗的儿童超出了任务不兼容行为的控制范围。在哌醋甲酯下，两种ADHD亚型都达到了算术性能和任务不兼容行为的控制水平。在试验之前，父母对两种注意力缺陷多动障碍亚型的儿童的注意力不集中，活动过度和对立/攻击性均高于对照组，父母和老师对注意力缺陷多动障碍/丙类儿童的活动过度和对立/攻击性高于对ADHD / I的儿童，但对注意力不集中的评分较高。哌醋甲酯降低了两种ADHD亚型的父母和教师的注意力不集中和多动的评分，但是ADHD / C儿童的多动和攻击性的降低更多。结论：哌醋甲酯可改善两种注意力缺陷多动障碍亚型的任务不相容行为，算术性能和注意力不集中，而药物可显着降低多动症/丙型肝炎儿童的过度活跃和攻击性。

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