Temperament: half a century in the journal.

Klein RG

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Temperament: half a century in the journal.

机译：气质：半个世纪以来的日记。

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In keeping with the psychiatric ethos at the time, the work of Chess et al.1 emanated from psychoanalytic theory, with the goal of classifying adaptive, ego functions. Chess and Thomas conceptualized temperament as the child's behavioral style or propensity for different types of responses. Nine characteristics were identified: motor activity, rhythmicity (regularity of function), approach/withdrawal to/from novel experiences, adaptability, threshold of sensitivity, positive egative mood, distractibility, and attention. (It is an amusing coincidence that two millennia before, Galen had posited nine temperaments, derived from Hippocrates' four humors.)

机译：为了与当时的精神病学精神保持一致，Chess等人[1]的工作源于精神分析理论，旨在对适应性自我功能进行分类。国际象棋和托马斯将气质概念化为孩子的行为风格或对不同反应类型的倾向。确定了九个特征：运动活动，节律性（功能的规律性），进出新体验/从新经历中退出，适应性，敏感度阈值，积极/消极情绪，分散注意力和注意力。（这是一个有趣的巧合，在两千年前，盖伦假设希波克拉底的四种幽默产生了九种气质。）

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《Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry》 |2011年第11期|共3页
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Klein RG;
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Temperament: half a century in the journal.

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