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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry >Heritability of Anxious-Depressive and Withdrawn Behavior: Age-Related Changes During Adolescence
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Heritability of Anxious-Depressive and Withdrawn Behavior: Age-Related Changes During Adolescence

机译：焦虑和抑郁行为的遗传力：青春期与年龄有关的变化

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Objective: To explain the differential course of anxiety and depression in individuals from childhood to adulthood by examining age-related changes in the genetic and environmental etiology of anxious and depressive symptoms. Method: A sample of 1470, 1839, and 2023 Dutch twins aged 12, 14, and 16 years reported on symptoms of anxious depression (AD) and withdrawn behavior (WB), using the Youth Self Report (YSR). AD and WB were analyzed with bivariate cross-sectional genetic models for each age group to obtain estimates of the relative influence of genes (A), shared (C), and nonshared (E) environment. Results: The best-fitting models revealed no difference between heritability estimates in boys and girls. Familial clustering at age 12 years was explained by genetic and shared environmental factors. At ages 14 and 16 years, genetic factors were sufficient to explain familial clustering, shared environmental effects were absent. Genetic influences on AD and WB correlated highly. Conclusions: These findings are in agreement with earlier studies on age-specific effects of genes and shared environment on anxiety, depression, and withdrawn behavior in childhood and adolescence. The current study demonstrated that the decrease in the role of shared environment occurs after age 12. Hormonal changes accompanying the onset of puberty do not seem to explain the change in risk factors, as in 90% of the subjects puberty had already started. More knowledge on age-specific risk factors may offer opportunities for therapeutic interventions.
机译：目的：通过检查与年龄有关的焦虑和抑郁症状的遗传和环境病因变化，解释从儿童到成年的个体焦虑和抑郁的差异过程。方法：使用“青少年自我报告”（YSR），对年龄分别为12、14和16岁的1470、1839和2023年荷兰双胞胎的样本进行了报告，报告了焦虑抑郁（AD）和行为退缩（WB）症状。使用双变量横断面遗传模型对每个年龄组的AD和WB进行分析，以获得基因（A），共享（C）和非共享（E）环境的相对影响的估计值。结果：最适合的模型显示男孩和女孩的遗传力估计之间没有差异。遗传和共有的环境因素解释了12岁时的家族聚类。在14岁和16岁时，遗传因素足以解释家族性聚集，而没有共同的环境影响。遗传对AD和WB的影响高度相关。结论：这些发现与早期关于基因和共享环境对儿童和青春期焦虑，抑郁和戒断行为的特定年龄影响的研究一致。当前的研究表明，共享环境作用的降低在12岁以后发生。伴随青春期发作的激素变化似乎不能解释危险因素的改变，因为90％的受试者青春期已经开始。对特定年龄的危险因素的更多了解可能为治疗干预提供机会。

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