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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. >Perceived weight gain, risk, and nutrition in pregnancy in five racial groups
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Perceived weight gain, risk, and nutrition in pregnancy in five racial groups

机译：五个种族群体对怀孕的体重增加，风险和营养的感知

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摘要

Objective: Examine perceived pregnancy weight gain needed, perceived risks to mother, and infant of excessive weight and underweight, perceptions of actual, ideal, realistic body size, nutritional intake in five racial/ethnic groups. Design: Cross-sectional Setting: Physicians' offices Participants: A total of 54 women <20 weeks gestation Methods: Questionnaires-perceived weight gain needed, risks of weight gain for mother, infant, perceptions of body size, food frequency. Results: A total of 39% of women are overweight or obese (57% Caribbean Black, 50% African American). Perceived pregnancy weight gain needed highest in Central American Hispanic women, lowest Caribbean Black women. African-American women had low perceived risk for mother and infant of gaining too much pregnancy weight, highest perceived risk for both of gaining too little. Caribbean Black women perceived highest risk to mother of gaining too much pregnancy weight, highest risk to infant of gaining too little. White Non-Hispanic women reported smaller prepregnant, ideal, realistic body sizes than other four groups. Daily caloric intake ranged from 599 to 5856 calories. African-American women had significantly more calories; protein, total fats, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated fats; carbohydrates, sugar; and iron than White Non-Hispanic women. Women in each racial/ethnic group had less than recommended intake of protein, carbohydrates, calcium, iron, folate, and fiber. Conclusions: Education is needed to raise awareness of risks of prepregnancy weight and excessive weight gain for mother and infant. The need for prenatal nutritional counseling to reduce the intake of calories, fats, sweets, and snacks; increase intake of vegetables, fruits, foods with iron, folate, and fiber.
机译：目的：检查五个种族/族裔群体对孕妇所需的体重增加的感知，对母亲和婴儿的体重和体重过轻的感知风险，对实际，理想，实际体重的认识，营养摄入量。设计：横断面设置：医师办公室参加者：总共54名小于20周妊娠的妇女方法：问卷调查者认为需要增加体重，母亲，婴儿体重增加的风险，对身体大小的感知，食物频率。结果：共有39％的女性超重或肥胖（57％的加勒比黑人，50％的非洲裔美国人）。中美洲西班牙裔女性最高的知觉怀孕体重增加，加勒比黑人女性最低。非裔美国人的母亲和婴儿增加过多的妊娠体重的风险较低，而两者都增加得很少的较高风险。加勒比黑人妇女认为母亲增加过多的怀孕体重是最大的风险，而婴儿则增加过多的风险是最大的风险。白人非西班牙裔妇女的身材比其他四组孕妇更小，更理想，更现实。每日热量摄入范围为599至5856卡路里。非裔美国妇女的卡路里明显增加;蛋白质，总脂肪，单不饱和脂肪，多不饱和脂肪和饱和脂肪;碳水化合物，糖;和铁比白人非西班牙裔女性。每个种族/族裔妇女的蛋白质，碳水化合物，钙，铁，叶酸和纤维摄入量均低于建议摄入量。结论：需要进行教育以提高对孕前体重和母婴体重增加过多风险的认识。需要进行产前营养咨询以减少卡路里，脂肪，糖果和零食的摄入;增加蔬菜，水果，含铁，叶酸和纤维的食物的摄入量。

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