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A linear theory of orographic precipitation

机译：地形降水的线性理论

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A linear theory of orographic precipitation is developed, including airflow dynamics, condensed water advection, and downslope evaporation. The formulation extends the widely used "upslope'' model. Vertically integrated steady-state governing equations for condensed water are solved using Fourier transform techniques. Closed form expressions are derived for special cases. For more general cases, the precipitation field is computed quickly by multiplying the terrain transform by a wavenumber-dependent transfer function.Five length scales are included in the model: mountain width, a buoyancy wave scale, the moist layer depth, and two condensed water advection distances. The efficiency of precipitation in the model is sensitive to the decay of the forced ascent through the moist layer and to the advection of condensed water downwind into the region of descent. The strong influence of horizontal scale on precipitation pattern and amount predicted by the model is discussed. The model is illustrated by applying it to the Olympic Mountains in Washington State.
机译：建立了地形降水的线性理论，包括气流动力学，冷凝水对流和下坡蒸发。该公式扩展了广泛使用的“上坡”模型，利用傅立叶变换技术求解了冷凝水的垂直积分稳态控制方程，导出了特殊情况的闭式表达式，对于更一般的情况，可通过以下方法快速计算降水场该模型包括五个长度尺度：山宽，浮力波浪尺度，湿润层深度和两个冷凝水对流距离，该模型中的降水效率敏感关于强迫上升穿过湿润层的衰减以及顺风向下游进入凝结水的平流，讨论了水平尺度对模型预测的降水模式和降水量的强烈影响，并通过应用来说明该模型华盛顿州的奥林匹克山。

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