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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences >Vertical Structure of Hurricane Eyewalls as Seen by the TRMM Precipitation Radar
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Vertical Structure of Hurricane Eyewalls as Seen by the TRMM Precipitation Radar

机译：TRMM降水雷达观测到的飓风眼墙的垂直结构

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摘要

Statistical analysis of the vertical structure of radar echoes in the eyewalls of tropical cyclones, shown by the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR), shows that the eyewall contains high reflectivities and high echo tops, with deeper and more intense but highly intermittent echo perturbations superimposed on the basic structure. The overall echo strength, height of echo top, and presence of intense echo perturbations all increase with vortex strength. Intense echo perturbations decrease in frequency with low sea surface temperatures. When the PR data are normalized by the amount of radar echo in each sample and examined quadrant by quadrant relative to the direction of the environmental shear, the nature of convective processes in different parts of the eyewall becomes apparent. The normalized statistics of the echo intensity, brightband structure, and maximum echo-top height show that processes generating convective precipitation are generally favored in the downshear-right region of the eyewall, while the nonnormalized statistics indicate that the vertical wind shear determines the placement of precipitation particles downwind of the generation zone such that the precipitation maximum occurs about one quadrant downwind of the convective generation zone. When the track speed exceeds the magnitude of the shear vector, this pattern modifies such that the asymmetry rotates one quadrant to the right. The statistics, moreover, indicate that vertical wind shear is the factor determining the placement of precipitation particles around the storm, while other factors determine the location, intensity, and means of their generation.
机译：由热带降雨测量团（TRMM）降水雷达（PR）显示，对热带气旋眼壁雷达回波的垂直结构进行统计分析，结果表明该眼壁具有高反射率和高回波顶，其深度和强度更高，但基本结构上叠加了高度间歇性的回声扰动。总体回波强度，回波顶部高度和强烈的回波扰动都会随着涡流强度的增加而增加。低海面温度会使强烈的回波扰动频率降低。当通过每个样本中的雷达回波量将PR数据标准化并相对于环境剪切方向逐个象限检查象限时，对眼壁不同部分的对流过程的性质变得显而易见。对回波强度，亮带结构和最大回波顶高度的归一化统计表明，在对流眼的右下剪切区域中，通常有利于产生对流降水，而非归一化统计表明，垂直风切变决定了对流场的位置。在产生区的顺风处沉积颗粒，使得最大降水发生在对流产生区的顺风处。当磁道速度超过剪切矢量的大小时，此模式将进行修改，以使不对称向右旋转一个象限。此外，统计数据表明，垂直风切变是决定风暴周围降水颗粒位置的因素，而其他因素则决定了降水颗粒的位置，强度及其产生方式。

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