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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior >SWITCH HITTING IN BASEBALL: APPARENT RULE-FOLLOWING, NOT MATCHING
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SWITCH HITTING IN BASEBALL: APPARENT RULE-FOLLOWING, NOT MATCHING

机译：棒球中的开关命中：遵循规则，不匹配

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摘要

Many studies, including some dealing with shot selection in basketball and play selection in football, demonstrate that the generalized matching equation provides a good description of the allocation of time and effort to alternative responses as a function of the consequences of those alternatives. We examined whether it did so with respect to left- and right-handed at bats (alternative responses) and left-and right-handed total bases earned, runs batted in, and home runs (three consequences) for the outstanding baseball switch-hitters Mickey Mantle, Eddie Murray, and Pete Rose. With all hitters, undermatching, suggesting insensitivity to the consequences of behavior (reinforcement), was evident and there was substantial bias towards left-handed at bats. These players apparently chose handedness based on the rule "bat opposite the pitcher," not on differential consequences obtained in major league games. The present findings are significant in representing a counter-instance of demonstrations of a matching relationship in sports in particular and in human behavior in general and in calling attention to the need for further study of the variables that affect choice.
机译：许多研究，包括一些有关篮球投篮选择和足球比赛选择的研究，表明广义匹配方程式很好地描述了根据替代方案的后果对替代方案做出反应的时间和精力的分配。我们检查了在出色的棒球投手方面，左手和右手在击球时是否这样做（替代响应）以及左手和右手的总垒打，击球和本垒打（三分结果） Mickey Mantle，Eddie Murray和Pete Rose。对于所有击球手，比赛不足，表明对行为后果（增强）不敏感，并且对蝙蝠的左撇子有很大的偏见。这些球员显然是根据“与投手相对的球棒”规则而不是在大联盟比赛中所获得的不同结果来选择打手方式。本研究结果对于代表特别是体育运动和一般人类行为中的匹配关系的反例具有重要意义，并有助于人们进一步关注影响选择的变量。

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