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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior >DO INFANTS SHOW GENERALIZED IMITATION OF GESTURES? II. THE EFFECTS OF SKILLS TRAINING AND MULTIPLE EXEMPLAR MATCHING TRAINING
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DO INFANTS SHOW GENERALIZED IMITATION OF GESTURES? II. THE EFFECTS OF SKILLS TRAINING AND MULTIPLE EXEMPLAR MATCHING TRAINING

机译：婴儿会显示广义的手势模仿吗？二。技能培训和多次示范性匹配培训的效果

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摘要

The determinants of generalized imitation of manual gestures were investigated in 1- to 2-year-old infants. Eleven infants were first trained eight baseline matching relations; then, four novel gestures that the infants did not match in probe trials were selected as target behaviors. Next, in a generalized imitation test in which matching responses to baseline models were intermittently reinforced, but matching responses to target models were not eligible for reinforcement, the infants matched baseline models but not the majority of their target behaviors. To ensure their failure to match the target behaviors was not due to motor constraints, the infants were trained, multiple-baseline procedure, to produce the target. responses under stimulus control that did not include an antecedent model of the target behavior. There was no evidence of generalized imitation in subsequent tests. When the infants were next trained to match each target, behavior to criterion (tested in extinction) in a multiple-baseline-across-behaviors procedure, only 2 infants continued to match all their targets in subsequent tests; the remaining infants matched only some of them. Seven infants were next given mixed matching training with the target behaviors to criterion (tested in extinction); they subsequently, matched these targets without reinforcement when interspersed with trials on which matching responses to baseline models were intermittently reinforced. In repeat tests, administered at 3-week intervals, these 7 children (and 2 that did not. take part in mixed matching training) continued to match most of their target behaviors. The results support a trained matching account, but provide no evidence of generalized imitation, in 1- to 2-year-old infants.
机译：在1至2岁的婴儿中调查了普遍模仿手势的决定因素。首先对11名婴儿进行了8个基线匹配关系的训练。然后，选择了婴儿在探测试验中不匹配的四个新颖手势作为目标行为。接下来，在一个通用的模仿测试中，与基线模型的匹配响应被间歇地增强，但与目标模型的匹配响应不符合增强的条件，这些婴儿与基线模型匹配，但大多数目标行为都不匹配。为了确保他们不符合目标行为不是由于运动限制，对婴儿进行了多基线训练，以产生目标。刺激控制下的反应，其中不包括目标行为的先前模型。在随后的测试中，没有证据显示普遍模仿。接下来，在多基线跨行为过程中对婴儿进行匹配每个目标，行为符合标准（消灭测试）的训练时，只有2个婴儿在随后的测试中继续符合所有目标。其余的婴儿只与其中的一部分匹配。接下来，对7名婴儿进行了混合匹配训练，目标行为符合标准（已通过灭绝测试）;随后，他们在穿插了对基线模型的匹配响应被间歇性增强的试验时，无需增强就匹配了这些目标。在以3周为间隔进行的重复测试中，这7名孩子（和2名未参加混合匹配训练的孩子）继续符合他们的大多数目标行为。结果支持经过训练的匹配帐户，但没有提供1至2岁婴儿普遍模仿的证据。

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