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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of vestibular research: equilibrium and orientation >Spatial orientation of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex.
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Spatial orientation of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex.

机译：前庭角反射的空间取向。

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During vestibular nystagmus, optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), and optokinetic afternystagmus (OKAN), the axis of eye rotation tends to align with the vector sum of linear accelerations acting on the head. This includes gravitational acceleration and the linear accelerations generated by translation and centrifugation. We define the summed vector of gravitational and linear accelerations as gravito-inertial acceleration (GIA) and designate the phenomenon of alignment as spatial orientation of the angular vestibuloocular reflex (aVOR). On the basis of studies in the monkey, we postulated that the spatial orientation of the aVOR is dependent on the slow (velocity storage) component of the aVOR, not on the short latency, compensatory aVOR component, which is in head-fixed coordinates. Experiments in which velocity storage was abolished by midline medullary section support this postulate. The velocity storage component of the aVOR is likely to be generated in the vestibular nuclei, and its spatial orientation was shown to be controlled through the nodulus and uvula of the vestibulocerebellum. Separate regions of the nodulus/uvula appear to affect the horizontal and vertical/torsional components of the response differently. Velocity storage is weaker in humans than in monkeys, but responds in a similar fashion in both species. We postulate that spatial orientation of the aVOR plays an important role in aligning gaze with the GIA and in maintaining balance during angular locomotion.
机译：在前庭眼震，视动性眼震（OKN）和视动性眼震（OKAN）期间，眼球旋转轴倾向于与作用于头部的线性加速度的矢量和对齐。这包括重力加速度以及由平移和离心产生的线性加速度。我们将重力加速度和线性加速度的总和定义为重力惯性加速度（GIA），并将对齐现象指定为前庭角反射（aVOR）的空间方向。根据对猴子的研究，我们假设aVOR的空间方向取决于aVOR的慢速（速度存储）分量，而不取决于短时的补偿性aVOR分量，后者位于头部固定坐标系中。中线延髓断面取消速度存储的实验支持这一假设。 aVOR的速度存储成分很可能在前庭核中产生，并且其空间方向显示为通过前庭小脑的结节和小舌来控制。结节/小舌的单独区域似乎对响应的水平和垂直/扭转分量有不同的影响。人类的速度存储能力比猴子弱，但两种动物的反应速度相似。我们假设aVOR的空间方向在将视线对准GIA并在角运动期间保持平衡方面起着重要作用。

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