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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of travel medicine. >Rabies postexposure management of travelers presenting to travel health clinics in Auckland and Hamilton, New Zealand.
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Rabies postexposure management of travelers presenting to travel health clinics in Auckland and Hamilton, New Zealand.

机译：对在奥克兰和新西兰汉密尔顿旅行的健康诊所求诊的旅客进行狂犬病暴风后管理。

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BACKGROUND: Rabies is a fatal disease, and travelers going to endemic areas need to take precautions. Little is known about the rabies postexposure management of travelers from New Zealand. METHODS: A total of 459 post-travel records from October 1998 until February 2006 at two travel medicine clinics, in Auckland and Hamilton, were examined for those who reported postexposure management to animals while abroad. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients were included, 48 (88.9%) were New Zealand residents and 52.0% were male. The mean age of exposed travelers was 30.4 years (SD = 15.5). There was an adult to child ratio of 5:1. The highest exposure risk group was those aged 16 to 30 years. South and Southeast Asia were the most prominent geographical regions where exposure occurred, with 45 (83.3%) of subjects being potentially exposed to rabies. Dogs were the commonest animals involved, accounting for two thirds of incidents (36; 66.7%). The commonest sites of animal exposure on the body were the thigh and lower leg (26; 48.1%) and the hand (10; 18.5%). Forty-six (85.2%) of the animal exposures were graded as World Health Organization (WHO) category III. Forty-nine (90.7%) of the travelers had not had preexposure prophylaxis. Once in New Zealand, the correct WHO postexposure prophylaxis regime was applied on 44 of 52 (84.6%) occasions. However, overall, only 25% of the sample received postexposure treatment consistent with WHO guidelines, reflecting inappropriate management abroad. CONCLUSIONS: Post-travel consultations at two New Zealand travel clinics were analyzed for prophylactic rabies postexposure management. The majority were travelers aged 16 to 30 years, who sustained WHO category III exposures to the lower limb in Asia, predominantly from dogs. Few of these travelers had been immunized prior to travel, and only 25% of them received postexposure prophylaxis consistent with WHO guidelines. Thus, 75% of the study sample remains at theoretical risk of contracting rabies due to inappropriate management overseas.
机译：背景：狂犬病是一种致命疾病，前往流行地区的旅行者需要采取预防措施。对于来自新西兰的旅行者的狂犬病暴露后管理知之甚少。方法：从1998年10月至2006年2月，在奥克兰和汉密尔顿的两家旅行医学诊所对总共459笔旅行后记录进行了检查，以了解那些在国外对动物进行了暴露后管理的人。结果：纳入患者54例，其中48例（88.9％）为新西兰居民，52.0％为男性。接触旅行者的平均年龄为30.4岁（SD = 15.5）。成人与儿童的比例为5：1。暴露风险最高的人群是16至30岁的人群。南亚和东南亚是发生接触的最突出地理区域，其中45（83.3％）位受试者可能感染狂犬病。狗是最常见的动物，占事件的三分之二（36; 66.7％）。身体上最常见的动物暴露部位是大腿和小腿（26; 48.1％）和手（10; 18.5％）。 46％（85.2％）的动物暴露被评为世界卫生组织（WHO）III类。百分之四十九（90.7％）的旅客未进行过暴露前预防。到达新西兰后，正确的WHO暴露后预防方案已应用到52次（44.6％）中的44次。但是，总体而言，只有25％的样本接受了与WHO指南一致的暴露后治疗，反映出国外的不当管理。结论：分析了新西兰两家旅行诊所的旅行后咨询，以进行预防性狂犬病暴露后管理。大多数是年龄在16至30岁之间的旅行者，他们在亚洲的下肢遭受了WHO第三类暴露，主要来自狗。这些旅行者中很少有在旅行之前进行过免疫的，只有25％的患者接受了符合WHO指南的暴露后预防。因此，由于海外管理不当，研究样本中有75％仍存在狂犬病感染的理论风险。

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